Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Swiecickiego, 60-781 Poznan, Poland.
Molecules. 2020 Aug 1;25(15):3527. doi: 10.3390/molecules25153527.
Currently, coniferous shoots are almost absent as a food ingredient despite their wide availability in many parts of the world. The aim of the study was to assess and compare the composition of selected plant metabolites, evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of selected shoots collected in 2019 from the arboretum in Zielonka (Poland), including individual samples from L. (PA), Mill (LD), L. (PS), (PM) and L. (JC). The present work has shown that aqueous extracts obtained from tested shoots are a rich source of phenols such as caffeic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and many others. Obtained extracts exhibit antioxidant and antimicrobial properties in vitro. The highest sum of the studied phenolic compounds was found in the PA sample (13,947.80 µg/g dw), while the lowest in PS (6123.57 µg/g dw). The samples were particularly rich in ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. The highest values regarding the Folin-Ciocâlteu reagent (FCR) and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) reducing ability tests, as well as the total flavonoid content assay, were obtained for the LD sample, although the LD (14.83 mg GAE/g dw) and PM (14.53 mg GAE/g dw) samples did not differ statistically in the FCR assay. With respect to free radical quenching measurements (DPPH), the PA (404.18-μM Trolox/g dw) and JC (384.30-μM Trolox/g dw) samples had the highest radical quenching ability and did not differ statistically. Generally, extracts obtained from PA and PS showed the highest antimicrobial activity against tested Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi.
目前，针叶树枝条作为一种食物成分几乎不存在，尽管它们在世界许多地方都广泛存在。本研究的目的是评估和比较从 2019 年在波兰 Zielonka 树木园收集的选定植物代谢物的组成，包括来自 L. (PA)、 Mill (LD)、 L. (PS)、 (PM) 和 L. (JC) 的个体样本。本研究表明，从测试枝条中获得的水提取物是酚类物质的丰富来源，如咖啡酸、阿魏酸、绿原酸、对羟基苯甲酸等。获得的提取物在体外具有抗氧化和抗菌性能。在 PA 样品中发现研究的酚类化合物的总和最高（13947.80 µg/g dw），而 PS 样品中最低（6123.57 µg/g dw）。样品中特别富含阿魏酸、绿原酸和对羟基苯甲酸。LD 样品在 Folin-Ciocâlteu 试剂（FCR）和铁还原能力的血浆（FRAP）还原能力测试以及总黄酮含量测定中获得了最高值，尽管 LD（14.83 mg GAE/g dw）和 PM（14.53 mg GAE/g dw）样品在 FCR 测定中没有统计学差异。就自由基淬灭测量（DPPH）而言，PA（404.18-µM Trolox/g dw）和 JC（384.30-µM Trolox/g dw）样品具有最高的自由基淬灭能力，且无统计学差异。一般来说，从 PA 和 PS 获得的提取物对测试的革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌和真菌表现出最高的抗菌活性。
