Long-Term Follow-Up for Q-Switched Nd:YAG Treatment of Nevus of Ota: Are High Number of Treatments Really Required? A Case Report.

Q-switched laser is considered a gold standard treatment for Nevus of Ota (NO). We report how few laser sessions in long intervals of time may achieve satisfying outcomes reducing the rate of possible procedure-linked side effects such as burning, cornea injuries, or hyperpigmentation. NO represents a congenital dermal melanocytosis in the trigeminal distribution majorly occurring in Asian individuals. Multiple reports have shown efficacy and safety of Q-switched laser for the treatment of this condition, but they were based on an empiric regimen, often leading to unnecessary overtreatments. At the best of our knowledge, no long-term follow-up observations of single laser sessions have been conducted to assess the proper intervals and number of treatments. A 36-year-old Asian woman, Fitzpatrick skin type IV with clinical diagnosis of NO, was treated with 1064 nm 6 ns Q-switched laser one session per year for a total of two sessions. Clinical result was valued by two physicians independently using standardized and polarized light. No use of general anesthesia or sedation was needed in our experience. Corneal shields have been used. After only two sessions of the Q-switched laser performed 1 year apart, the result was excellent with a 95% of clinical response. No side effect was observed. In our experience, Q-switched Nd:YAG laser is an effective treatment for NO with no necessity of high number of treatments. A larger population is needed to confirm this preliminary result.