Department of Physiology, Strategic Centre for Diabetes Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020 Aug;24(15):8232-8238. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202008_22513.
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global public health crisis with social, psychological and long-lasting economical damages. Weather-related dynamics have an impact on the pattern of human health and disease. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of heat and humidity on daily basis incidence and mortality due to COVID-19 pandemic in ten of the world's hottest countries compared to ten of the coldest ones.
Worldwide, we selected 20 countries; 10 hottest countries with the highest temperatures and 10 coldest countries with the lowest temperature. The selection of the countries was based on the daily basis mean temperature from the date of appearance of the initial cases of COVID-19, Dec 29, 2019 to May 12, 2020. In the world's 10 hottest countries, the mean temperature was (26.31±1.51) and humidity (44.67±4.97). However, in the world's 10 coldest countries the mean temperature was (6.19±1.61) and humidity (57.26±2.35). The data on the global outbreak of COVID-19, daily new cases and deaths were recorded from World Health Organization, and daily information on temperature and humidity was obtained from metrological web "Time and Date".
In countries with high temperatures and low humidity, the mean daily cases incidence were (407.12±24.33); cumulative cases (9094.34±708.29); and cumulative deaths (452.84±43.30) were significantly low compared to countries with low temperatures and high humidity: daily cases (1876.72±207.37); cumulative cases (44232.38±5875.11); and cumulative deaths (2008.29±310.13). Moreover, COVID-19 cases and deaths per million population were significantly low in countries with high temperatures (cases 711.23, and deaths 16.27) compared to countries with low temperatures (cases 1685.99; and deaths 86.40). Furthermore, in hottest countries, a 1% increase in humidity reduced number of cases and deaths by (β = -5.40, p<0.001) and (β = -0.187, p=0.004) respectively. A similar trend was seen with a 1°C increase in temperature, reducing the number of deaths by (β = -1.35. p<0.001).
The results revealed a significant decrease in incidence of daily cases and deaths in countries with high temperatures and low humidity (warmest countries), compared to those countries with low temperatures and high humidity (coldest countries). The findings could be of interest to the policymakers and the health officials on the epidemiological trends of COVID-19 pandemic and weather changes.
COVID-19 大流行造成了全球公共卫生危机，造成了社会、心理和持久的经济损失。与人类健康和疾病模式相关的天气动态具有影响。本研究旨在调查与世界上十个最寒冷的国家相比，世界上十个最热的国家的热和湿度对 COVID-19 大流行的每日发病率和死亡率的影响。
在全球范围内，我们选择了 20 个国家；10 个最热的国家，温度最高，10 个最冷的国家，温度最低。这些国家的选择是基于从 2019 年 12 月 29 日 COVID-19 首例出现之日到 2020 年 5 月 12 日的每日平均温度。在世界上 10 个最热的国家，平均温度为（26.31±1.51）和湿度（44.67±4.97）。然而，在世界上 10 个最冷的国家，平均温度为（6.19±1.61）和湿度（57.26±2.35）。全球 COVID-19 爆发、每日新发病例和死亡病例的数据来自世界卫生组织，每日温度和湿度信息来自气象网站“Time and Date”。
在高温低湿的国家，每日发病的平均发病率为（407.12±24.33）；累计病例（9094.34±708.29）；累计死亡（452.84±43.30）明显低于低温高湿的国家：每日病例（1876.72±207.37）；累计病例（44232.38±5875.11）；累计死亡（2008.29±310.13）。此外，高温国家的每百万人 COVID-19 病例和死亡人数明显较低（病例 711.23，死亡 16.27），而低温国家的病例和死亡人数较高（病例 1685.99；死亡 86.40）。此外，在最热的国家，湿度每增加 1%，病例和死亡人数分别减少（β=-5.40，p<0.001）和（β=-0.187，p=0.004）。随着温度升高 1°C，死亡人数也呈类似趋势（β=-1.35，p<0.001）。
结果表明，与温度较低、湿度较高的国家（最冷国家）相比，高温低湿国家（最热国家）的每日发病和死亡人数明显减少。这一发现可能引起决策者和卫生官员对 COVID-19 大流行和天气变化的流行病学趋势的关注。
