Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020 Jul 21;10:323. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00323. eCollection 2020.
Effective management of infectious osteomyelitis relies on timely microorganism identification and appropriate antibiotic therapy. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry protein and genetic information accumulated rapidly in the circulation upon infection. Rat osteomyelitis models infected by , and were established for the present study. Serum EVs were isolated 3 days after infection. The size and number of serum EVs from infected rats were significantly higher than those from controls. In addition, bacterial aggregation assay showed that the and formed large aggregates in response to the stimulation of serum EVs from -infected and -infected rats, respectively. Treatment of EVs- led to large aggregates of and , whereas stimulation of EVs- to large aggregates of and . To evaluate the changes in EVs in osteomyelitis patients, 28 patients including 5 ones and 21 controls were enrolled. Results showed that the size and number of serum EVs from osteomyelitis patients were higher than those from controls. Further analysis using receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that only the particle size might be a potential diagnostic marker for osteomyelitis. Strikingly, serum EVs from osteomyelitis patients induced significantly stronger aggregation of and a cross-reaction with . Together, these findings indicate that the size and number of serum EVs may help in the diagnosis of potential infection and that EVs-bacteria aggregation assay may be a quick test to identify infectious microorganisms for osteomyelitis patients.
有效的感染性骨髓炎管理依赖于及时的微生物鉴定和适当的抗生素治疗。细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 携带感染后迅速在循环中积累的蛋白质和遗传信息。本研究建立了感染 和 的大鼠骨髓炎模型。感染后 3 天分离血清 EVs。与对照组相比，感染大鼠的血清 EVs 大小和数量明显更高。此外，细菌聚集实验表明， 和 分别对来自 -感染和 -感染大鼠的血清 EVs 的刺激产生大聚集。EVs- 的处理导致 和 的大聚集，而 EVs- 的刺激导致 和 的大聚集。为了评估骨髓炎患者 EVs 的变化，纳入了 28 名患者，包括 5 名 和 23 名对照。结果表明，骨髓炎患者的血清 EVs 大小和数量均高于对照组。使用受试者工作特征曲线的进一步分析表明，只有粒径可能是骨髓炎的潜在诊断标志物。值得注意的是，骨髓炎患者的血清 EVs 可显著诱导 和 的聚集，并与 发生交叉反应。总之，这些发现表明血清 EVs 的大小和数量可能有助于潜在感染的诊断，并且 EVs-细菌聚集实验可能是一种快速检测方法，可用于鉴定骨髓炎患者的感染性微生物。
