Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Etfal Sk. No: 1, 34371, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, 34371, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Feb;278(2):525-535. doi: 10.1007/s00405-020-06284-1. Epub 2020 Aug 13.
To determine prevalence, severity, duration, and time from onset to diagnosis of general and Otorhinolaryngologic symptoms related to COVID-19 in whole disease spectrum: from mild to critical patients.
All adult patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA found in nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs between March 10 and April 21, 2020 were surveyed by the authors for new onset symptoms during disease course. Demographic features, general symptoms, and Otorhinolaryngological symptoms were evaluated and compared by disease severity.
Of 223 included patients, 18.4% had mild, 61.4%; moderate, 14.3%; severe, and 5.8%; critical disease. Median age was 51 (range 20-93), 113 (50.7%) were male and 110 (49.3%) were female. The most common general symptoms were fatigue, cough, and fever with respective frequencies of 71.3%, 54.3%, and 50.7%. The most common Otorhinolaryngologic symptoms were taste loss, smell loss, and sore throat with respective frequencies of 34.5%, 31.8%, and 26%. Fatigue, fever, and dyspnea were more common in severe-critical patients compared to mild-moderate patients (p = 0.029, p = 0.016, and p < 0.001, respectively). Only smell loss was more common in mild-moderate group (p = 0.003). Prevalence of other symptoms did not differ between groups. Symptom durations and onset time to diagnosis varied.
When compared to the previous studies, while general symptoms were less common, Otorhinolaryngologic symptoms were more common in our study population. Considering high infection risks, Otorhinolaryngologists should be aware of COVID-19 patients presenting with Otorhinolaryngologic complaints.
确定与 COVID-19 相关的一般和耳鼻喉症状在整个疾病谱中的患病率、严重程度、持续时间和从发病到诊断的时间：从轻症到重症患者。
作者对 2020 年 3 月 10 日至 4 月 21 日期间鼻咽和口咽拭子中发现 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 阳性的所有成年患者进行了调查，以了解疾病过程中新发症状。根据疾病严重程度评估和比较人口统计学特征、一般症状和耳鼻喉症状。
在 223 例纳入患者中，18.4%为轻症，61.4%为中度，14.3%为重度，5.8%为危重症。中位年龄为 51 岁（范围 20-93 岁），113 例（50.7%）为男性，110 例（49.3%）为女性。最常见的一般症状是疲劳、咳嗽和发热，分别占 71.3%、54.3%和 50.7%。最常见的耳鼻喉症状是味觉丧失、嗅觉丧失和咽痛，分别占 34.5%、31.8%和 26%。与轻症-中度患者相比，重症-危重症患者更常见疲劳、发热和呼吸困难（p=0.029，p=0.016 和 p<0.001）。仅嗅觉丧失在轻症-中度组更为常见（p=0.003）。其他症状的患病率在各组之间无差异。症状持续时间和发病到诊断的时间不同。
与之前的研究相比，虽然一般症状较少，但在我们的研究人群中，耳鼻喉症状更为常见。考虑到高感染风险，耳鼻喉科医生应该意识到出现耳鼻喉症状的 COVID-19 患者。
