农村老年人在非降雪季和降雪季之间的久坐和体育活动行为变化：来自 NEIGE 研究的成分分析。
Changes in rural older adults' sedentary and physically-active behaviors between a non-snowfall and a snowfall season: compositional analysis from the NEIGE study.
机构信息
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan.
Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2020 Aug 17;20(1):1248. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09343-8.
BACKGROUND
Levels of physical activity change throughout the year. However, little is known to what extent activity levels can vary, based on accelerometer determined sedentary and physically-active time. The aim of this longitudinal study was to examine older adults' activity changes from a non-snowfall season to a subsequent snowfall season, with consideration of the co-dependence of domains of time use.
METHODS
Participants were 355 older Japanese adults (53.1% women, aged 65-84 years) living in a rural area of heavy snowfall who had valid accelerometer (Active style Pro HJA-750C) data during non-snowfall and snowfall seasons. Activity was classified as sedentary behavior (SB), light-intensity PA (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Compositional changes from the non-snowfall to the snowfall season were analyzed using Aitchison's perturbation method. The ratios of each component in the composition, such as [SBsnow/SBnon-snow, LPAsnow/LPAnon-snow, MVPAsnow/MVPAnon-snow] for seasonal changes, were calculated and were then divided by the sum of these ratios.
RESULTS
In men, the percentages of time spent in each activity during the non-snowfall/snowfall seasons were 53.9/64.6 for SB; 40.8/31.6 for LPA; and 5.3/3.8 for MVPA; these corresponded to mean seasonal compositional changes (∆SB, ∆LPA, ∆MVPA) of 0.445, 0.287, and 0.268 respectively. In women, the percentages of time spent in each activity during the non-snowfall/snowfall seasons were 47.9/55.5 for SB; 47.9/41.0 for LPA; and 4.2/3.5 for MVPA; these corresponded to mean seasonal compositional changes (∆SB, ∆LPA, ∆MVPA) of 0.409, 0.302, and 0.289 respectively. The degree of seasonal change was greatest in men.
CONCLUSIONS
In older adults, activity behaviors were changed unfavorably during snowfall season, particularly so for men. The degree of seasonal change was greatest for SB. Development of strategies to keep rural older adults active during the snowfall season may be needed for maintaining a consistently-active lifestyle for their health.
背景
体力活动水平在一年中会发生变化。然而，目前尚不清楚基于加速度计确定的久坐时间和活跃时间，活动水平可以在多大程度上发生变化。本纵向研究的目的是检查老年人从非降雪季节到随后的降雪季节的活动变化，并考虑到时间使用领域的相互依赖性。
方法
参与者为 355 名居住在降雪量较大的农村地区的日本老年人（53.1%为女性，年龄 65-84 岁），他们在非降雪季节和降雪季节均有有效的加速度计（Active style Pro HJA-750C）数据。活动被分为久坐行为（SB）、低强度 PA（LPA）和中高强度 PA（MVPA）。使用 Aitchison 的摄动方法分析非降雪季节到降雪季节的组成变化。为了季节性变化，计算了组成中每个组成部分的比值，例如 [SBsnow/SBnon-snow，LPAsnow/LPAnon-snow，MVPAsnow/MVPAnon-snow]，然后将这些比值相加。
结果
在男性中，非降雪/降雪季节的 SB、LPA 和 MVPA 的时间百分比分别为 53.9/64.6%、40.8/31.6%和 5.3/3.8%；这些分别对应于季节性组成变化（∆SB、∆LPA、∆MVPA）的 0.445、0.287 和 0.268。在女性中，非降雪/降雪季节的 SB、LPA 和 MVPA 的时间百分比分别为 47.9/55.5%、47.9/41.0%和 4.2/3.5%；这些分别对应于季节性组成变化（∆SB、∆LPA、∆MVPA）的 0.409、0.302 和 0.289。男性的季节性变化程度最大。
结论
在老年人中，活动行为在降雪季节发生了不利变化，尤其是男性。SB 的季节性变化程度最大。为保持农村老年人在降雪季节的活跃状态，可能需要制定策略，以保持他们一贯积极的生活方式，促进他们的健康。
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