Liu Luxian, Du Yingxue, Shen Cheng, Li Rui, Lee Joongku, Li Pan
Henan University, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, Kaifeng, China.
Zhejiang University, College of Life Sciences, The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China.
Genet Mol Biol. 2020 Aug 17;43(3):e20190272. doi: 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2019-0272.
Papaver setigerum is an annual herb that is closely related to the opium poppy, P. somniferum. Genetic resources for P. setigerum are scarce. In the present study, we assembled the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of P. setigerum based on genome skimming data, and we conducted comparative cp genome analyses to study the evolutionary pattern in Papaveraceae. The cp genome of P. setigerum is 152,862 bp in length with a typical quadripartite structure. Comparative analyses revealed no gene rearrangement in the Papaveraceae family, although differences were evident in genome size, gene losses, as well as inverted repeats (IR) region expansion and contraction. The rps15 gene has been lost from the genomes of Meconopsis racemosa, Coreanomecon hylomeconoides, P. orientale, P. somniferum, and P. setigerum, and the ycf15 gene is found only in C. hylomeconoides. Moreover, 13 cpDNA markers, including psbA-trnH, rps16-trnQ, trnS-trnG, trnC-petN, trnE-trnT, trnL-trnF, trnF-ndhJ, petA-psbJ, ndhF-rpl32, rpl32-trnL, ccsA-ndhD, ndhE-ndhG, and rps15-ycf1, were identified with relatively high levels of variation within Papaver, which will be useful for species identification in this genus. Among those markers, psbA-trnH is the best one to distinguish P. somniferum and P. setigerum.
丽春花是一种一年生草本植物，与罂粟（Papaver somniferum）亲缘关系密切。丽春花的遗传资源稀缺。在本研究中，我们基于基因组浅层测序数据组装了丽春花的完整叶绿体（cp）基因组，并进行了叶绿体基因组比较分析，以研究罂粟科的进化模式。丽春花的叶绿体基因组长度为152,862 bp，具有典型的四分体结构。比较分析表明，罂粟科家族中没有基因重排现象，尽管在基因组大小、基因丢失以及反向重复（IR）区域的扩张和收缩方面存在明显差异。紫堇属（Meconopsis racemosa）、荷青花属（Coreanomecon hylomeconoides）、东方罂粟（P. orientale）、罂粟和丽春花的基因组中已丢失rps15基因，而ycf15基因仅在荷青花属中发现。此外，还鉴定出13个叶绿体DNA标记，包括psbA-trnH、rps16-trnQ、trnS-trnG、trnC-petN、trnE-trnT、trnL-trnF、trnF-ndhJ、petA-psbJ、ndhF-rpl32、rpl32-trnL、ccsA-ndhD、ndhE-ndhG和rps15-ycf1，它们在罂粟属内具有相对较高的变异水平，这将有助于该属物种的鉴定。在这些标记中，psbA-trnH是区分罂粟和丽春花的最佳标记。
