Family Physician Airways Group of Canada, 7335 Yonge Street, Thornhill, ON, L3T2B2, Canada.
The Breathing Institute, Children's Hospital of Colorado, 13123 E 16th Avenue, Box 395, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2020 Aug 20;30(1):36. doi: 10.1038/s41533-020-00194-9.
Comorbid conditions (comorbidities) can complicate the diagnosis and management of asthma. In different age groups, comorbid conditions can present varying challenges, including diagnostic confusion due to mimicking asthma symptoms, exacerbation of asthma symptoms, therapy for comorbid conditions affecting asthma or therapy for asthma affecting these conditions. This review aims to summarise some common comorbid conditions with asthma, such as rhinitis, vocal cord dysfunction, gastro-oesophageal reflux, psychiatric disorders, obesity and obstructive sleep apnoea, and discuss their prevalence, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment, highlighting any differences in how they impact children and adults. Overall, there is a lack of data on the impact of treating comorbid conditions on asthma outcomes and further studies are needed to guide age-appropriate asthma management in the presence of these conditions.
合并症（共病）可能使哮喘的诊断和治疗复杂化。在不同的年龄组中，合并症可能带来不同的挑战，包括由于模仿哮喘症状而导致的诊断混淆、哮喘症状恶化、治疗影响哮喘的合并症或治疗哮喘影响这些合并症的情况。本篇综述旨在总结一些常见的与哮喘相关的合并症，例如鼻炎、声带功能障碍、胃食管反流、精神障碍、肥胖和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停，并讨论它们的患病率、症状、诊断和治疗，强调它们对儿童和成人的影响存在差异。总体而言，关于治疗合并症对哮喘结局的影响的数据不足，需要进一步的研究来指导存在这些合并症时的年龄适宜的哮喘管理。
