Liu Zhijian, Zhuang Wenbin, Hu Xiaoqi, Zhao Zhiheng, Rong Rui, Ding Wenjun, Li Jinsong, Li Na
Department of Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071003, PR China.
Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
Build Environ. 2020 Aug 15;181:107149. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107149. Epub 2020 Jul 25.
Reasonable equipment layout is essential for creating a healthy and safe environment, especially in a three-level biosafety laboratory with high potential risk factors of infection. Since 2019, COVID-19, an emerging infection has swept the world and caused severe losses. Biosafety laboratories are mandatory sites for detecting high-risk viruses, so related research is urgently needed to prevent further laboratory-acquired infections of operators. This study investigated the effects of obstacles on exposure infection of staff in a biosafety laboratory with related experimental equipment. The numerical simulation results are highly verified by the measured results. The results indicate that although the equipment layout does not affect the bioaerosol removal time, nearly 17% of the pollutant particles in the actual laboratory cannot be discharged effectively compared with the ideal situation. These particles lingered in the lower space under the influence of vortex, which would increase the respiratory risk of operators. In addition, after the experiment a large part of bioaerosol particles would be captured by equipment and floor, and the deposition rate per unit area is 0.45%/m and 0.8%/m, respectively. Although the results show that the equipment layout could reduce the pollution on the floor, the disinfection is still an important link, especially on the surfaces of equipment. Meanwhile, the result also indicates that the action should be light and slow when operating in BSL-3 laboratory, so as to avoid the secondary suspension pollution of bioaerosol particles on the equipment surface and floor.
合理的设备布局对于营造健康安全的环境至关重要，尤其是在具有高感染风险因素的三级生物安全实验室中。自2019年以来，新型感染性疾病新冠病毒席卷全球，造成了严重损失。生物安全实验室是检测高风险病毒的必备场所，因此迫切需要相关研究来预防操作人员进一步发生实验室感染。本研究调查了在配备相关实验设备的生物安全实验室中障碍物对工作人员暴露感染的影响。数值模拟结果得到了实测结果的高度验证。结果表明，虽然设备布局不影响生物气溶胶的清除时间，但与理想情况相比，实际实验室中近17%的污染物颗粒无法有效排出。这些颗粒在涡流的影响下滞留在较低空间，这会增加操作人员的呼吸风险。此外，实验结束后，大部分生物气溶胶颗粒会被设备和地面捕获，单位面积的沉积率分别为0.45%/m和0.8%/m。虽然结果表明设备布局可以减少地面污染，但消毒仍然是一个重要环节，尤其是设备表面。同时，结果还表明，在BSL-3实验室操作时动作应轻缓，以避免生物气溶胶颗粒在设备表面和地面上产生二次悬浮污染。
