Bassett D R, Craig B W
Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1988 Mar;64(3):1249-56. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1988.64.3.1249.
The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effects of early nutrition on adipose tissue characteristics and growth by altering litter size. After birth, rats were redistributed into large (15-18 pups), control (10 pups), or small (4 pups) litters. During the postweaning phase of growth half of the small-litter animals were pair-fed to animals raised in large litters for 5 wk and then allowed to feed ad libitum until they were 80 days of age. The small-litter males gained weight at a more rapid rate than the other litter types, both before and after weaning, and attained a final body weight twofold greater than the other groups. The small-litter males had significantly higher (P less than 0.05) numbers of adipocytes per epididymal fat pad than the other litter groups with 60.4, 51.4, and 79.0% greater cell number per pad than control, large, and pair-fed animals, respectively. Limiting food intake to small-litter animals after weaning (pair-fed) inhibited this growth and prevented fat cell proliferation. Litter manipulation had significant effects on male rats, but the same treatment did not influence female rats. Litter size influenced fat cell characteristics but had little effect on the adipocytes' ability to take up or metabolize glucose. The major finding, in terms of insulin responsiveness, was the difference between the sexes. The uptake of tritiated 2-deoxyglucose by the fat cells of female litter groups was significantly higher than that of the males whether insulin was present or not, whereas the conversion of [1-14C]glucose to CO2 by the adipocytes of females was lower than that of the males.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本研究的目的是通过改变窝仔数来评估早期营养对脂肪组织特征和生长的影响。出生后，将大鼠重新分配到大型窝（15 - 18只幼崽）、对照窝（10只幼崽）或小型窝（4只幼崽）中。在断奶后的生长阶段，将一半小型窝动物与大型窝中饲养的动物配对饲养5周，然后自由采食直至80日龄。小型窝雄性大鼠在断奶前后体重增加速度均比其他窝类型的大鼠快，最终体重比其他组大一倍。小型窝雄性大鼠每附睾脂肪垫的脂肪细胞数量显著高于其他窝组（P < 0.05），每脂肪垫的细胞数量分别比对照、大型和配对饲养的动物多60.4%、51.4%和79.0%。断奶后限制小型窝动物的食物摄入量（配对饲养）抑制了这种生长并阻止了脂肪细胞增殖。窝仔数操作对雄性大鼠有显著影响，但相同处理对雌性大鼠没有影响。窝仔数影响脂肪细胞特征，但对脂肪细胞摄取或代谢葡萄糖的能力影响很小。就胰岛素反应性而言，主要发现是性别差异。无论是否存在胰岛素，雌性窝组脂肪细胞对氚标记的2 - 脱氧葡萄糖的摄取均显著高于雄性，而雌性脂肪细胞将[1 - 14C]葡萄糖转化为CO2的能力低于雄性。（摘要截短于250字）
