Rutherford O M
Department of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Institute.
Sports Med. 1988 Mar;5(3):196-202. doi: 10.2165/00007256-198805030-00006.
Strength training is commonly used in the rehabilitation of muscles atrophied as a result of injury and/or disuse. Studies on the effects of conventional leg extension training in healthy subjects have shown the changes to be very task-specific to the training manoeuvre itself. After conventional leg extension training for the quadriceps muscle the major improvement was in weightlifting ability with only small increases in isometric strength. The maximum dynamic force and power output during sprint cycling showed no improvement. These results suggest that the major benefit of this type of training is learning to coordinate the different muscle groups involved in the training movement rather than intrinsic increases in strength of the muscle group being trained. Other studies have shown changes in strength to be specific to the length and speed at which the muscle has been trained. The implication for rehabilitation is that strength training for isolated muscle groups may not be the most effective way of increasing functional ability. As the major changes are task-specific it may be better to incorporate the training into task-related practice. This would have the advantage of strengthening the muscle groups affected whilst increasing performance in those activities which are required in daily life.
力量训练常用于因受伤和/或废用而萎缩的肌肉的康复。对健康受试者进行传统腿部伸展训练效果的研究表明，这些变化与训练动作本身的任务特异性非常相关。对股四头肌进行传统腿部伸展训练后，主要改善在于举重能力，等长力量仅有小幅增加。冲刺骑行时的最大动态力和功率输出没有改善。这些结果表明，这类训练的主要益处在于学会协调训练动作中涉及的不同肌肉群，而非训练的肌肉群力量的内在增加。其他研究表明，力量变化与肌肉训练的长度和速度有关。康复方面的意义在于，针对孤立肌肉群的力量训练可能不是提高功能能力的最有效方法。由于主要变化是任务特异性的，将训练纳入与任务相关的实践中可能会更好。这将具有加强受影响肌肉群的同时提高日常生活所需活动表现的优势。
