Traxel Kellen D, Bandyopadhyay Amit
W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
Addit Manuf. 2020 Jan;31. doi: 10.1016/j.addma.2019.101004. Epub 2019 Dec 12.
Increasing performance requirements of advanced components demands versatile fabrication techniques to meet application-specific needs. Composite material processing via laser-based additive manufacturing offers high processing-flexibility and limited tooling requirements to meet this need, but limited information exists on the processing-property relationships for these materials as well as how to exploit it for application-specific needs. In this study, Ti/BC+BN composites are developed for high-temperature applications by designed-incorporation of ceramic reinforcement (5 wt% total) into commercially-pure titanium to form combined particle and reinforcing phases. We combine both BC (limited reactivity with matrix) and BN (high reactivity with matrix) reinforcements to understand the processing characteristics, phase formations, and combinatorial effect of the multiphase microstructures on thermomechanical properties and high-temperature oxidation resistance. Combined reinforcement in this new composite material leads to superior yield strength and wear resistance in comparison to the other compositions and matrix, as well as comparable oxidation characteristics to commercially-developed high temperature titanium alloys, alleviating the need for multiple rare-earth alloying elements that significantly raises costs for manufacturers. Tubular structures are fabricated to demonstrate the ease of site-specific composition and dimensional tolerancing using this method. Our results indicate that tailored ceramic reinforcement in titanium via laser-based AM could lead to significantly enhanced engineering structures, particularly for developing higher temperature titanium-based materials.
先进部件对性能要求的不断提高，需要通用的制造技术来满足特定应用的需求。通过基于激光的增材制造来加工复合材料，具有高加工灵活性和有限的工装要求，能够满足这一需求，但关于这些材料的加工-性能关系以及如何根据特定应用需求加以利用的信息却很有限。在本研究中，通过将陶瓷增强相（总量为5 wt%）设计加入工业纯钛中，形成复合颗粒和增强相，开发出用于高温应用的Ti/BC+BN复合材料。我们将BC（与基体反应性有限）和BN（与基体反应性高）两种增强相相结合，以了解加工特性、相形成以及多相微观结构对热机械性能和高温抗氧化性的组合效应。与其他成分和基体相比，这种新型复合材料中的复合增强相可带来更高的屈服强度和耐磨性，同时具有与商业开发的高温钛合金相当的氧化特性，从而无需使用多种稀土合金元素，这显著降低了制造商的成本。通过制造管状结构来证明使用这种方法易于实现特定部位的成分控制和尺寸公差。我们的结果表明，通过基于激光的增材制造在钛中定制陶瓷增强相，可显著增强工程结构，特别是在开发更高温度的钛基材料方面。
