Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
BMC Oral Health. 2020 Sep 1;20(1):242. doi: 10.1186/s12903-020-01222-3.
Radiotherapy, applied to the head and neck region, can cause radiation side effects such as reduction of saliva and radiation caries. The aim of this study was to perform an in vitro assessment of the effects of radiation therapy on the morphological, mechanical, and chemical properties of primary and permanent teeth.
One hundred four extracted human teeth (52 impacted wisdom teeth, 52 primary molar teeth) were used. The teeth were divided into two parts in the mesiodistal direction. Of the 98 teeth, the vestibular sections were used for the vickers analysis and lingual sections were used for the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis. The teeth in the experimental group were fixed to wax models. Each model had an equal number of teeth (n = 7). The doses were applied to the teeth for 6 weeks; 5 week days and 2Gy daily. After the radiotherapy was conducted weekly, a wax model was taken from radiation reception. Along with the elemental contents (Na, K, Mg, P, and Ca) of the teeth, enamel and dentin microhardness was evaluated, and SEM analyzes were performed on 6 teeth.
Radiation caused a decrease in microhardness of enamel and dentin (p < 0.05). In the elemental analysis by ICP-OES, it was observed that there were decreases in all elements after 60Gy compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In the experimental groups, amorphous structures were encountered in SEM images.
Radiation has negative effects on the teeth structure and additional studies are needed in this regard. This study indicates that radiotherapy patients are at a higher risk for dental caries.
应用于头颈部的放射治疗会引起唾液减少和放射性龋齿等放射副作用。本研究旨在体外评估放射治疗对恒牙和乳牙的形态、力学和化学性质的影响。
本研究共使用了 104 颗人离体牙（52 颗埋伏阻生智齿，52 颗乳磨牙）。牙齿沿近远中方向分为两部分。其中 98 颗牙的颊侧部分用于维氏硬度分析，舌侧部分用于电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-OES）分析。实验组的牙齿固定在蜡模上。每个模型中均有相同数量的牙齿（n=7）。每周对牙齿进行 6 周的照射，5 个工作日，每天 2Gy。每周进行放射治疗后，从放射接受部位取出一个蜡模。除了评估牙齿的元素含量（Na、K、Mg、P 和 Ca）外，还对 6 颗牙齿进行了釉质和牙本质显微硬度评估，并进行了 SEM 分析。
放射治疗导致釉质和牙本质的显微硬度降低（p<0.05）。通过 ICP-OES 元素分析，与对照组相比，60Gy 后所有元素的含量均降低（p<0.05）。在实验组中，SEM 图像中观察到无定形结构。
放射治疗对牙齿结构有负面影响，需要进一步研究。本研究表明，放射治疗患者发生龋齿的风险更高。
