Fort Victoire, Khelifi Gabriel, Hussein Samer M I
Laval University Cancer Research Centre, Canada; Research Center of the CHU of Québec, Laval University, Québec G1R 3S3, Canada.
Laval University Cancer Research Centre, Canada; Research Center of the CHU of Québec, Laval University, Québec G1R 3S3, Canada.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2021 Jan;1868(1):118837. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118837. Epub 2020 Aug 31.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have become increasingly important in the past decade. They are known to regulate gene expression and to interact with chromatin, proteins and other coding and non-coding RNAs. The study of lncRNAs has been challenging due to their low expression and the lack of tools developed to adapt to their particular features. Studies on lncRNAs performed to date have largely focused on cellular functions, whereas details on the mechanism of action has only been thoroughly investigated for a small number of lncRNAs. Nevertheless, some studies have highlighted the potential of these transcripts to contain functional domains, following the same accepted trend as proteins. Interestingly, many of these identified "domains" are attributed to functional units derived from transposable elements. Here, we review several types of functions of lncRNAs and relate these functions to lncRNA-embedded transposable elements.
在过去十年中，长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）变得越来越重要。已知它们可调节基因表达，并与染色质、蛋白质以及其他编码和非编码RNA相互作用。由于lncRNAs表达水平低且缺乏针对其特定特征开发的工具，对它们的研究一直具有挑战性。迄今为止，对lncRNAs的研究主要集中在细胞功能上，而关于作用机制的细节仅在少数lncRNAs中得到了深入研究。然而，一些研究强调了这些转录本包含功能域的潜力，这与蛋白质遵循相同的公认趋势。有趣的是，许多这些已鉴定的“结构域”归因于源自转座元件的功能单元。在这里，我们综述了lncRNAs的几种功能类型，并将这些功能与嵌入lncRNA的转座元件联系起来。
