Buda Valentina, Brezoiu Ana-Maria, Berger Daniela, Pavel Ioana Zinuca, Muntean Delia, Minda Daliana, Dehelean Cristina Adriana, Soica Codruta, Diaconeasa Zorita, Folescu Roxana, Danciu Corina
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical-Chemistry & Electrochemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
Pharmaceutics. 2020 Sep 1;12(9):838. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090838.
Black chokeberry fruits possess a wide range of biological activities, among which the most important that are frequently mentioned in the literature are their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and antimicrobial properties. The present paper reports, for the first time, the encapsulation of the ethanolic extract of L. fruits into two mesoporous silica-type matrices (i.e., pristine MCM-41 and MCM-41 silica decorated with zinc oxide nanoparticles). The aim of this work was to evaluate the antiradicalic capacity, the antimicrobial potential, and the effects on the cell viability on a cancer cell line (i.e., A375 human melanoma cell line) versus normal cells (i.e., HaCaT human keratinocytes) of black chokeberry extract loaded on silica-type matrices in comparison to that of the extract alone. The ethanolic polyphenolic extract obtained by conventional extraction was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) and spectrophotometric methods. The extract was found to contain high amounts of polyphenols and flavonoids, as well as good radical scavenging activity. The extract-loaded materials were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, N adsorption-desorption isotherms, thermal analysis, and radical scavenger activity on solid samples. The black chokeberry extract, both free and loaded onto mesoporous silica-type matrices, exhibited a significant antioxidant capacity. Antibacterial activity was recorded only for Gram-positive bacteria, with a more potent antibacterial effect being observed for the extract loaded onto the ZnO-modified MCM-41 silica-type support than for the free extract, probably due to the synergistic effect of the ZnO nanoparticles that decorate the pore walls of silica. The cellular viability test (i.e., MTT assay) showed dose- and time-dependent activity regarding the melanoma cell line. The healthy cells were less affected than the cancer cells, with all tested samples showing good cytocompatibility at doses of up to 100 µg/mL. Improved in vitro antiproliferative and antimigratory (i.e., scratch assay) potential was demonstrated through the loading of black chokeberry extract into mesoporous silica-type matrices, and the screened samples exhibited low selectivity against the tested non-tumor cell line. Based on presented results, one can conclude that mesoporous silica-type matrices are good hosts for black chokeberry extract, increasing its antioxidant, antibacterial (on the screened strains), and in vitro antitumor (on the screened cell line) properties.
黑果腺肋花楸果实具有广泛的生物活性，其中文献中经常提到的最重要的活性是其抗氧化、抗炎、抗增殖和抗菌特性。本文首次报道了将黑果腺肋花楸果实的乙醇提取物包封到两种介孔二氧化硅型基质中（即原始的MCM-41和用氧化锌纳米颗粒修饰的MCM-41二氧化硅）。这项工作的目的是评估负载在二氧化硅型基质上的黑果腺肋花楸提取物与单独提取物相比，对癌细胞系（即A375人黑色素瘤细胞系）和正常细胞（即HaCaT人角质形成细胞）的抗自由基能力、抗菌潜力以及对细胞活力的影响。通过高效液相色谱-光电二极管阵列检测器（HPLC-PDA）和分光光度法对通过常规提取获得的乙醇多酚提取物进行了表征。发现该提取物含有大量的多酚和黄酮类化合物，以及良好的自由基清除活性。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、N吸附-脱附等温线、热分析和对固体样品的自由基清除活性对负载提取物的材料进行了研究。游离的和负载在介孔二氧化硅型基质上的黑果腺肋花楸提取物均表现出显著的抗氧化能力。仅对革兰氏阳性菌记录到抗菌活性，观察到负载在ZnO修饰的MCM-41二氧化硅型载体上的提取物比游离提取物具有更强的抗菌效果，这可能是由于修饰二氧化硅孔壁的ZnO纳米颗粒的协同作用。细胞活力测试（即MTT法）显示对黑色素瘤细胞系具有剂量和时间依赖性活性。健康细胞比癌细胞受影响更小，所有测试样品在高达100μg/mL的剂量下均显示出良好的细胞相容性。通过将黑果腺肋花楸提取物负载到介孔二氧化硅型基质中，证明了体外抗增殖和抗迁移（即划痕试验）潜力得到改善，并且筛选的样品对测试的非肿瘤细胞系表现出低选择性。基于所呈现的结果，可以得出结论，介孔二氧化硅型基质是黑果腺肋花楸提取物的良好载体，可提高其抗氧化、抗菌（对筛选的菌株）和体外抗肿瘤（对筛选的细胞系）特性。
