Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont.
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2020 Nov;129(8):831-844. doi: 10.1037/abn0000627. Epub 2020 Sep 7.
Impulsivity refers to a set of traits that are generally negatively related to critical domains of adaptive functioning and are core features of numerous psychiatric disorders. The current study examined the gray and white matter correlates of five impulsive traits measured using an abbreviated version of the UPPS-P (Urgency, (lack of) Premeditation, (lack of) Perseverance, Sensation-Seeking, Positive Urgency) impulsivity scale in children aged 9 to 10 ( = 11,052) from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Linear mixed effect models and elastic net regression were used to examine features of regional gray matter and white matter tractography most associated with each UPPS-P scale; intraclass correlations were computed to examine the similarity of the neuroanatomical correlates among the scales. Positive Urgency showed the most robust association with neuroanatomy, with similar but less robust associations found for Negative Urgency. Perseverance showed little association with neuroanatomy. Premeditation and Sensation Seeking showed intermediate associations with neuroanatomy. Critical regions across measures include the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, lateral temporal cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex; critical tracts included the superior longitudinal fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Negative Urgency and Positive Urgency showed the greatest neuroanatomical similarity. Some UPPS-P traits share neuroanatomical correlates, while others have distinct correlates or essentially no relation to neuroanatomy. Neuroanatomy tended to account for relatively little variance in UPPS-P traits (i.e., Model R2 < 1%) and effects were spread throughout the brain, highlighting the importance of well powered samples. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
冲动性是指一组特质，通常与适应功能的关键领域呈负相关，是许多精神障碍的核心特征。本研究使用 UPPS-P（冲动性的五个特质，包括紧迫感、缺乏前计划性、缺乏毅力、寻求刺激、积极冲动）的简短版本，检测了年龄在 9 到 10 岁（=11052）的儿童的灰质和白质与冲动性相关的特征，该研究来自青少年大脑与认知发展（ABCD）研究。线性混合效应模型和弹性网络回归被用于检验与每个 UPPS-P 量表最相关的区域灰质和白质束的特征；计算组内相关系数以检验各量表之间神经解剖学相关性的相似性。积极冲动与神经解剖学的相关性最强，而消极冲动则具有相似但较弱的相关性。毅力与神经解剖学的相关性很小。前计划性和寻求刺激与神经解剖学的相关性处于中间位置。各测量指标的关键区域包括背外侧前额叶皮质、外侧颞叶皮质和眶额皮质；关键束包括上纵束和下额枕束。消极冲动和积极冲动的神经解剖学相似性最大。一些 UPPS-P 特质具有共同的神经解剖学相关性，而其他特质具有不同的相关性或与神经解剖学基本无关。神经解剖学在 UPPS-P 特质上的解释相对较小（即模型 R2<1%），且影响分布在整个大脑，这突出了使用大样本的重要性。（PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
