Lopez Annalaura, Vasconi Mauro, Battini Monica, Mattiello Silvana, Moretti Vittorio Maria, Bellagamba Federica
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università, 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Sep 3;10(9):1567. doi: 10.3390/ani10091567.
In this study, we investigated the lipid composition of fresh and semi-hard goat cheese produced in three Italian farms as well as the welfare assessment of goats reared in these farms. The fatty acid (FA) profile of cheese samples were found to be strictly related to the livestock system. Cheese collected from farms in which goats were allowed to graze and were fed diets with a higher forage/concentrate (F/C) ratio showed a FA profile represented by higher contents of health-promoting fatty acids. In the same samples, the health lipid indices showed the most favorable values. Conversely, cheese samples collected from a conventional-lowland farm, where goats were fed with higher amounts of concentrates and lower F/C ratio, presented a lower nutritional quality, characterized by the worst results for what concerns the health lipid indices. Then, we built a multivariate model able to discriminate samples coming from farms managed by a low-input system from those coming from farm managed by a high-input system. The comparison of animal welfare measurements and fatty acids data showed that a better intrinsic quality of low-input farms did not always correspond to better extrinsic quality, suggesting that the information on the livestock system is not always enough to provide consumers with complete awareness of the total product quality.
在本研究中，我们调查了意大利三个农场生产的新鲜和半硬质山羊奶酪的脂质组成，以及这些农场饲养山羊的福利评估。发现奶酪样品的脂肪酸（FA）谱与畜牧系统密切相关。从允许山羊放牧且饲料中草料/精饲料（F/C）比例较高的农场采集的奶酪，其FA谱显示出具有较高含量的促进健康脂肪酸。在相同的样品中，健康脂质指数显示出最有利的值。相反，从传统低地农场采集的奶酪样品，山羊食用了较多的精饲料且F/C比例较低，其营养质量较低，在健康脂质指数方面表现最差。然后，我们构建了一个多变量模型，能够区分来自低投入系统管理农场的样品和来自高投入系统管理农场的样品。动物福利测量数据和脂肪酸数据的比较表明，低投入农场较好的内在质量并不总是对应于较好的外在质量，这表明关于畜牧系统的信息并不总是足以让消费者全面了解产品的总体质量。
