Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Nord University, Levanger, Norway.
PLoS One. 2020 Sep 10;15(9):e0238580. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238580. eCollection 2020.
The change of direction (COD) ability is an important task-specific skill for success in team sports, dependent on both strength and reactive strength. The sprint approaching the COD and degrees of the turn are factors influencing the specificity of the COD. Thus, CODs have been suggested to be categorized as force- (> 90°) and velocity-dominant (< 90°) dependent on the degree of the turn. When training programmes fail to provide a significant increase in COD performance, it is often due to neglecting the task-specific demands of the COD. As such, 23 male football players volunteered to complete a randomized controlled trial, investigating the association of maximal strength and power performance with performance in a force- (180°) and velocity-dominant (45°) COD, with a 4 m and 20 m sprint approach. Three strength and three plyometric exercises, matched in movement patterns, were used. Muscle activity of the different conditions was also compared. The correlational analysis revealed that better performance in the plyometric tests were associated with less time to complete both force- and velocity-dominant CODs, supported by similarities in muscle activation. None of the performances in strength exercises correlated to COD performance, due to the slow contraction velocity of maximal lifts. It was concluded that plyometrics share more physical similarities with CODs than the strength exercises.
变向能力（COD）是团队运动成功的一项重要专项技能，取决于力量和反应力量。接近 COD 的冲刺速度和转弯角度是影响 COD 特异性的因素。因此，根据转弯角度的不同，COD 可分为力量主导型（>90°）和速度主导型（<90°）。如果训练计划未能显著提高 COD 表现，通常是因为忽视了 COD 的特定任务要求。因此，23 名男性足球运动员自愿完成了一项随机对照试验，研究最大力量和功率表现与 4 米和 20 米冲刺接近的 180°力量主导型和 45°速度主导型 COD 表现之间的关联。使用了三种力量和三种增强式练习，这些练习在动作模式上相匹配。还比较了不同条件下的肌肉活动。相关分析表明，增强式测试中的更好表现与完成力量主导型和速度主导型 COD 的时间更短有关，这与肌肉激活的相似性有关。由于最大举重的收缩速度较慢，力量练习的表现与 COD 表现没有相关性。结论是，增强式练习与 COD 比力量练习具有更多的物理相似性。
