Torres-Torrelo Julio, Rodríguez-Rosell David, González-Badillo Juan José
a Centro de Investigación en Rendimiento Físico y Deportivo , Universidad Pablo de Olavide , Seville , Spain.
J Sports Sci. 2017 May;35(10):967-975. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1206663. Epub 2016 Jul 14.
This study aimed to compare the effect of 6 weeks of resistance training or combined resistance training and change of direction exercises on physical performance and motor skills in futsal players. Thirty-four futsal players were divided into full squat group (SG, n = 12), combined full squat and change of direction exercises group (S+CDG, n = 12) and control group (CG, n = 10). The resistance training for SG consisted of full squat with low load (~45-58% 1RM) and low volume (4-6 repetitions), whereas the S+CDG performed the same resistance training program combined with loaded change of direction. Sprint time in 10 and 20 m, change of direction test, countermovement vertical jump (CMJ) height, maximal strength and force-velocity relationship in full squat exercise, kicking speed ball (BS) and repeated sprint ability (RSA) were selected as testing variables. Both experimental groups showed significant improvements for CMJ, BS and all strength parameters. Only SG resulted in significant sprint gains, whereas S+CDG also achieved significant improvements in RSA. The CG remained unchanged after training period. No significant differences were found between both experimental groups. These findings suggest that only 12 sessions of either lightweight resistance training alone, lifting the load at maximal intended velocity or combined with change of direction exercises is enough to improve several physical and skills capacities critical to futsal performance in adult players.
本研究旨在比较6周的阻力训练或阻力训练与变向练习相结合对五人制足球运动员身体机能和运动技能的影响。34名五人制足球运动员被分为深蹲组（SG，n = 12）、深蹲与变向练习相结合组（S+CDG，n = 12）和对照组（CG，n = 10）。SG组的阻力训练包括低负荷（~45-58% 1RM）和低次数（4-6次重复）的深蹲，而S+CDG组则在进行相同阻力训练计划的同时结合负重变向练习。选择10米和20米冲刺时间、变向测试、反向纵跳（CMJ）高度、深蹲练习中的最大力量和力-速关系、踢速球（BS）和重复冲刺能力（RSA）作为测试变量。两个实验组的CMJ、BS和所有力量参数均有显著改善。只有SG组在冲刺方面有显著提高，而S+CDG组在RSA方面也有显著改善。训练期后CG组没有变化。两个实验组之间没有发现显著差异。这些研究结果表明，仅12节单独的轻量级阻力训练课程，以最大预期速度提升负荷或与变向练习相结合，就足以提高成年五人制足球运动员对比赛表现至关重要的几种身体和技能能力。
