Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Área Académica de Química. Ciudad del Conocimiento, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo km 4.5, Colonia Carboneras. CP. 42184. Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México.
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa. División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud. Departamento de Biotecnología, Colonia Vicentina AP 09340, Ciudad de México, México.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(1):181-214. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1813683. Epub 2020 Sep 11.
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) have attracted great interest in recent years due to their role in boosting infants and adults health. According to several , and clinical studies, gastrointestinal and immune physiological systems benefit the most from HMO intake. Other organ systems, such as the respiratory, central nervous, circulatory, locomotor, and urinary systems have also been found to be affected by the HMO consumption in the recent decade. Due to their positive impact on human health, the incorporation of HMO into the infant formula or other functional foods has become highly desirable. Currently, their large-scale production is limited to 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) and lacto--neotetraose (LNnT) that are obtained through fermentation and added to the infant formula as fortifiers. Fewer advances have been made for other HMO to reach the industrial scale synthesis. The present paper summarizes the latest research on HMO in terms of their health benefits and synthetic methodologies, with the overall aim to establish the current status and trends in both fields.
近年来，人乳寡糖 (HMO) 因其在促进婴儿和成人健康方面的作用而引起了极大的关注。根据多项研究和临床试验，胃肠道和免疫系统生理系统从 HMO 的摄入中受益最大。在最近十年中，人们还发现其他器官系统，如呼吸系统、中枢神经系统、循环系统、运动系统和泌尿系统也受到 HMO 消耗的影响。由于它们对人类健康的积极影响，将 HMO 掺入婴儿配方奶粉或其他功能性食品中已变得非常理想。目前，其大规模生产仅限于通过发酵获得的 2'-岩藻糖基乳糖 (2'FL) 和乳-N-新四糖 (LNnT)，并作为强化剂添加到婴儿配方奶粉中。其他 HMO 要达到工业规模的合成，进展较少。本文总结了 HMO 在健康益处和合成方法方面的最新研究，总体目标是确定这两个领域的现状和趋势。
