Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil; Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Prédio Do ITP, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil; Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR7281 BIP, 13402, Marseille Cedex 09, France.
Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil; Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Prédio Do ITP, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil.
Biochimie. 2020 Nov;178:96-104. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.09.002. Epub 2020 Sep 14.
Caatinga is a Brazilian semi-arid ecosystem that stands out for presenting unique environmental characteristics with a dry, spiny and deciduous shrub/forest vegetation with several species that can be renewable oil sources with potential applicability in oleochemical and nutrition. Caatinga oilseeds have a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, phytosterols and sterols, and this composition is related to its nutritional potential. The present review summarizes the knowledge on the oil contents and fatty acid profiles of seeds from six representatives caatinga species. It was observed that plants species like Caju (Anacardium occidentale L.), Favela (Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl), Licuri (Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc.), Pinhão-bravo (Jatropha mollissima Pohl Baill), Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb) and Oiticica (Licania rígida Benth) contains approximately 33.1, 33.5, 49.2, 18.3, 70.16 and 57.0% w/w of oil, respectively, on a dry weight basis. Their fatty acid profiles are mostly saturated for Licuri oil, with a high content of lauric acid (up to 40%) and unsaturated for Favela, Pinhão-bravo, Cashew nut, Pequi and Oiticica oils. Oiticica oil shows a high concentration of unusual conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acids, like α-Eleostearic and Licanic acid with 16.90 and 43.20% w/w, respectively.
卡廷加是巴西的一个半干旱生态系统，以其独特的环境特征而闻名，其干燥、多刺和落叶的灌木/森林植被中有多种可再生油源的物种，具有在油脂化学和营养方面的潜在应用。卡廷加油籽含有高含量的不饱和脂肪酸、植物甾醇和甾醇，这种成分与其营养潜力有关。本综述总结了六种代表性卡廷加物种种子的油含量和脂肪酸分布的知识。观察到，像腰果（Anacardium occidentale L.）、法维拉（Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl）、利库里（Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc.）、平哈奥布劳沃（Jatropha mollissima Pohl Baill）、皮奎（Caryocar brasiliense Camb）和奥提西卡（Licania rígida Benth）这样的植物物种分别含有约 33.1%、33.5%、49.2%、18.3%、70.16%和 57.0%w/w 的油，均以干重为基准。它们的脂肪酸分布主要为利库里油饱和，月桂酸含量高（高达 40%），而法维拉、平哈奥布劳沃、腰果、皮奎和奥提西卡油不饱和。奥提西卡油显示出高浓度的不寻常共轭多不饱和脂肪酸，如α-桐酸和利卡酸，分别为 16.90%和 43.20%w/w。
