Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
J Healthc Eng. 2020 Aug 31;2020:7289648. doi: 10.1155/2020/7289648. eCollection 2020.
Neck injury is one of the most frequent spine injuries due to the complex structure of the cervical spine. The high incidence of neck injuries in collision accidents can bring a heavy economic burden to the society. Therefore, knowing the potential mechanisms of cervical spine injury and dysfunction is significant for improving its prevention and treatment. The research on cervical spine dynamics mainly concerns the fields of automobile safety, aeronautics, and astronautics. Numerical simulation methods are beneficial to better understand the stresses and strains developed in soft tissues with investigators and have been roundly used in cervical biomechanics. In this article, the simulation methods for the development and application of cervical spine dynamic problems in the recent years have been reviewed. The study focused mainly on multibody and finite element models. The structure, material properties, and application fields, especially the whiplash injury, were analyzed in detail. It has been shown that simulation methods have made remarkable progress in the research of cervical dynamic injury mechanisms, and some suggestions on the research of cervical dynamics in the future have been proposed.
颈部损伤是最常见的脊柱损伤之一，这是由于颈椎的复杂结构所致。碰撞事故中颈部损伤的高发率会给社会带来沉重的经济负担。因此，了解颈椎损伤和功能障碍的潜在机制对于改善其预防和治疗具有重要意义。颈椎动力学的研究主要涉及汽车安全、航空航天等领域。数值模拟方法有助于更好地了解软组织中的应力和应变，已被广泛应用于颈椎生物力学研究中。本文综述了近年来颈椎动力学问题的发展和应用中的模拟方法。研究主要集中在多体和有限元模型上，详细分析了模型的结构、材料特性和应用领域，特别是挥鞭伤。结果表明，模拟方法在颈椎动力学损伤机制的研究中取得了显著进展，并对未来颈椎动力学的研究提出了一些建议。
