Namjoo Iman, Alavi Naeini Amirmansour, Najafi Mostafa, Aghaye Ghazvini Mohammad Reza, Hasanzadeh Akbar
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Basic Clin Neurosci. 2020 May-Jun;11(3):313-321. doi: 10.32598/bcn.11.2.1489.1. Epub 2020 May 1.
Recent studies have identified Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) as an inflammatory condition associated with immunological and oxidative responses. Therefore, it is necessary to examine these processes in these patients. The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between the dietary intake of antioxidants, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity, and the serum levels of inflammatory factors in ADHD students.
This retrospective case-control study was conducted on 64 ADHD children aged 6 - 13 years. The demographic questionnaire, Food Frequency Questionnaire, and Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire were used for data collection. SOD activity and the serum level of inflammatory factors (homocysteine, interleukin-6, and C-reactive Protein (CRP)) were measured in all patients. According to the CRP values, 32 patients were included in the case group (CRP≥1 mg/L) and 32 patients in the control group (0≤CRP<1 mg/L).
There was no significant difference between the two groups in age, sex, weight, height, and body mass index. In the case group, the mean SOD activity (P=0.034), the physical activity (P=0.04), zinc intake (P=0.02), and homocysteine levels were higher than the control group (P=0.001). Of all studied variables, the best predictors were homocysteine (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.082-1.670, P=0.029) and physical activity (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.761-0.952, P=0.022) respectively, whereas other variables were not significant predictors.
The present study showed that the level of inflammatory factors in the case group was significantly higher than the control group. Homocysteine and physical activity can predict the inflammation status induced by CRP.
最近的研究已将注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）确定为一种与免疫和氧化反应相关的炎症性疾病。因此，有必要在这些患者中检查这些过程。本研究旨在调查ADHD学生抗氧化剂的饮食摄入量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性与炎症因子血清水平之间的关系。
这项回顾性病例对照研究对64名6至13岁的ADHD儿童进行。使用人口统计学问卷、食物频率问卷和贝克身体活动问卷进行数据收集。测量了所有患者的SOD活性和炎症因子（同型半胱氨酸、白细胞介素-6和C反应蛋白（CRP））的血清水平。根据CRP值，32例患者被纳入病例组（CRP≥1mg/L），32例患者被纳入对照组（0≤CRP<1mg/L）。
两组在年龄、性别、体重、身高和体重指数方面无显著差异。病例组的平均SOD活性（P=0.034）、身体活动（P=0.04）、锌摄入量（P=0.02）和同型半胱氨酸水平均高于对照组（P=0.001）。在所有研究变量中，最佳预测指标分别是同型半胱氨酸（OR：1.34，95%CI：1.082-1.670，P=0.029）和身体活动（OR：0.85，95%CI：0.761-0.952，P=0.022），而其他变量不是显著的预测指标。
本研究表明，病例组的炎症因子水平显著高于对照组。同型半胱氨酸和身体活动可以预测由CRP引起的炎症状态。
