The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States.
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Apr;37(7-8):NP5094-NP5115. doi: 10.1177/0886260520958720. Epub 2020 Sep 24.
Sexual assault is an unfortunately common experience among women in college campuses. This study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to gain a better understanding of the contextual determinants of sexual assault among college women. EMA reports inquired about sexual assault experiences, risky sex (sex without a condom and regretted hookups), and substance use (alcohol and cannabis use), as well as what activities participants were engaged in (e.g., pregaming, drinking with peers, and drinking with a casual sexual partner), and whether they experienced peer pressure to engage in casual sex. Participants were 103 freshman undergraduate women (18-24 years old) at a Southwestern university in the United States, who were unmarried, interested in dating opposite-sex partners, engaged in binge drinking (defined as having 3 or more drinks on one occasion) in the past month, and reported at least one experience of sexual intercourse in their lifetime. Participants completed reports (one random and two time-contingent) via EMA three times a day over a 42-day period. Compliance in completing EMA reports was good (84.2% of prompted reports were completed), and time-to-completion of reports once signaled was acceptable (mean = 26 minutes, median = 5.75 minutes). During the 42 days, 40 women (38.8%) reported 75 occasions of sexual assault. The odds of experiencing sexual assault were significantly greater during occasions of regretted hookups and unprotected sex. Additionally, drinking with peers and peer pressure to engage in casual sex were each associated significantly with occasions of sexual assault. Reducing risk for sexual assault among undergraduate women may be possible by targeting these behaviors and contextual features in near real-time via momentary intervention.
性侵犯是大学校园里女性不幸的常见经历。本研究使用生态瞬时评估（EMA）来更好地了解女大学生性侵犯的情境决定因素。EMA 报告询问了性侵犯经历、高危性行为（无保护措施的性行为和后悔的一夜情）和物质使用（酒精和大麻使用），以及参与者正在从事的活动（例如，预饮、与同龄人一起喝酒和与随意性伴侣喝酒），以及他们是否经历过从事随意性行为的同伴压力。参与者是美国西南部一所大学的 103 名大一本科女性（18-24 岁），未婚，对与异性约会感兴趣，过去一个月内有过 binge drinking（定义为一次喝 3 杯或以上的酒），并报告了至少一次性行为。参与者通过 EMA 在 42 天内每天完成三次随机和两次时间相关的报告。完成 EMA 报告的合规性良好（提示报告中有 84.2%得到了完成），报告一旦发出的完成时间也可以接受（平均 = 26 分钟，中位数 = 5.75 分钟）。在 42 天内，40 名女性（38.8%）报告了 75 次性侵犯事件。在发生一夜情和无保护性行为时，性侵犯的几率明显更高。此外，与同龄人一起喝酒和从事随意性行为的同伴压力都与性侵犯事件显著相关。通过即时干预，针对这些行为和情境特征，可能可以降低女大学生性侵犯的风险。
