Wei Wei, Wang Zhi-Yong, Ma Li-Na, Zhang Ting-Ting, Cao Yu, Li Hao
First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Front Mol Neurosci. 2020 Aug 21;13:160. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00160. eCollection 2020.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Although the incidence of AD is high, the rates of diagnosis and treatment are relatively low. Moreover, effective means for the diagnosis and treatment of AD are still lacking. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are non-coding RNAs that play regulatory roles by targeting mRNAs. The expression of miRNAs is conserved, temporal, and tissue-specific. Impairment of microRNA function is closely related to AD pathogenesis, including the beta-amyloid and tau hallmarks of AD, and there is evidence that the expression of some microRNAs differs significantly between healthy people and AD patients. These properties of miRNAs endow them with potential diagnostic and therapeutic value in the treatment of this debilitating disease. This review provides comprehensive information about the regulatory function of miRNAs in AD, as well as potential applications as diagnostic biomarkers.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的痴呆形式。尽管AD的发病率很高，但诊断和治疗率相对较低。此外，仍缺乏有效的AD诊断和治疗手段。微小RNA（miRNA，miR）是非编码RNA，通过靶向mRNA发挥调节作用。miRNA的表达具有保守性、时效性和组织特异性。微小RNA功能的损害与AD发病机制密切相关，包括AD的β-淀粉样蛋白和tau蛋白特征，并且有证据表明健康人和AD患者之间某些微小RNA的表达存在显著差异。miRNA的这些特性使其在治疗这种使人衰弱的疾病中具有潜在的诊断和治疗价值。本综述提供了有关miRNA在AD中的调节功能以及作为诊断生物标志物的潜在应用的全面信息。
