Bhat Mujtaba Aamir, Kumar Vijay, Bhat Mudasir Ahmad, Wani Ishfaq Ahmad, Dar Farhana Latief, Farooq Iqra, Bhatti Farha, Koser Rubina, Rahman Safikur, Jan Arif Tasleem
Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Aug 20;11:1952. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01952. eCollection 2020.
Agriculture plays an important role in a country's economy. The sector is challenged by many stresses, which led to huge loss in plant productivity worldwide. The ever-increasing population, rapid urbanization with shrinking agricultural lands, dramatic change in climatic conditions, and extensive use of agrochemicals in agricultural practices that caused environmental disturbances confront mankind of escalating problems of food security and sustainability in agriculture. Escalating environmental problems and global hunger have led to the development and adoption of genetic engineering and other conventional plant breeding approaches in developing stress-tolerant varieties of crops. However, these approaches have drawn flaws in their adoption as the process of generating tolerant varieties takes months to years in bringing the technology from the lab to the field. Under such scenario, sustainable and climate-smart agricultural practices that avail bacterial usage open the avenues in fulfilling the incessant demand for food for the global population. Ensuring stability on economic fronts, bacteria minimizes plant salt uptake by trapping ions in their exopolysaccharide matrix besides checking the expression of Na/H and high-affinity potassium transporters. Herein we describe information on salinity stress and its effect on plant health as well as strategies adopted by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in helping plants to overcome salinity stress and in mitigating loss in overall plant productivity. It is believed that acquisition of advanced knowledge of plant-beneficial PGPR will help in devising strategies for sustainable, environment-friendly, and climate-smart agricultural technologies for adoption in agriculture to overcome the constrained environmental conditions.
农业在一个国家的经济中起着重要作用。该部门面临着许多压力，这些压力导致全球植物生产力大幅下降。人口不断增长、城市化进程加快且农业用地不断减少、气候条件急剧变化以及农业实践中大量使用农用化学品导致环境干扰，这些问题使人类面临着农业粮食安全和可持续性方面不断升级的问题。不断升级的环境问题和全球饥饿促使人们开发并采用基因工程和其他传统植物育种方法来培育抗逆作物品种。然而，这些方法在应用中存在缺陷，因为培育耐受品种的过程需要数月到数年时间才能将技术从实验室应用到田间。在这种情况下，利用细菌的可持续和气候智能型农业实践为满足全球人口对粮食的不断需求开辟了道路。除了抑制Na/H和高亲和性钾转运蛋白的表达外，细菌通过将离子捕获在其胞外多糖基质中来减少植物对盐分的吸收，从而确保经济稳定。在此，我们描述了关于盐胁迫及其对植物健康的影响的信息，以及植物促生根际细菌（PGPR）帮助植物克服盐胁迫和减轻整体植物生产力损失所采用的策略。人们认为，获取有关植物有益PGPR的先进知识将有助于制定可持续、环境友好和气候智能型农业技术策略，以便在农业中采用，以克服受限的环境条件。
