Hsieh Yi-Ling, Yao Jiun-Cheng, Hsieh Sung-Chih, Teng Nai-Chia, Chu You-Tai, Yu Wen-Xin, Chen Chung-He, Chang Liang-Yu, Huang Ching-Shuan, Lee Tzu-Hsin, Kareiva Aivaras, Yang Jen-Chang
Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-52, Taiwan.
School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-52, Taiwan.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Sep 26;13(19):4299. doi: 10.3390/ma13194299.
The objective of this study was to verify the feasibility of electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water as a mouthwash through the evaluation of its in vivo toxicity by embryonic zebrafish and antimicrobial efficacy against ().
Each 1.5-3.0 g of sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium bromide (NaBr), or calcium chloride (CaCl) were added into an electrolyzer with 300 mL of DD water to produce electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water. A zebrafish embryo assay was used to evaluate acute toxicity of specimens. Antimicrobial property was conducted with 100 μL microbial count of 1 × 10 cfu/mL to blend with each 10 mL specimen of chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) for various time points. The concentration of viable microorganisms was assessed according to individually standardized inoculum by a plate-count method.
Among the EO water produced from NaCl, NaBr, and CaCl, the EO water from NaCl showed a relatively low mortality rate of zebrafish embryos and was chosen for a detailed investigation. The mortality rates for the groups treated with EO water containing 0.0125% and 0.0250% HOCl were not statically different from those of a negative control, however the mortality rate was 66.7 ± 26.2% in 0.2% CHX gluconate for the same treatment time of 0.5 min. All of the HOCl or 2.0% CHX gluconate groups showed >99.9% antimicrobial effectiveness against while the 0.2% CHX gluconate group showed a bacterial reduction rate of 87.5% and 97.1% for treatment times of 0.5 min and 1.0 min, respectively.
Except for the 0.2% CHX gluconate, all the HOCl specimens and 2.0% CHX gluconate revealed similar antimicrobial properties (>99.9%) against . The EO water comprised of both 0.0125% and 0.0250% HOCl showed >99.9% antimicrobial efficacy but with little in vivo toxicity, illuminating the possibility as an alternative mouthwash for dental and oral care.
本研究的目的是通过评估电解氧化（EO）水对斑马鱼胚胎的体内毒性及其抗菌效果，验证其作为漱口水的可行性。
将1.5 - 3.0克氯化钠（NaCl）、溴化钠（NaBr）或氯化钙（CaCl）加入装有300毫升去离子水的电解槽中，制备电解氧化（EO）水。采用斑马鱼胚胎试验评估样本的急性毒性。抗菌性能试验是将100微升浓度为1×10 cfu/mL的微生物计数与10毫升葡萄糖酸氯己定（CHX）或次氯酸（HOCl）样本在不同时间点混合。通过平板计数法根据单独标准化的接种物评估活菌浓度。
在由NaCl、NaBr和CaCl制备的EO水中，NaCl制备的EO水对斑马鱼胚胎的死亡率相对较低，因此被选用于详细研究。含0.0125%和0.0250% HOCl的EO水处理组的死亡率与阴性对照组无统计学差异，然而在相同的0.5分钟处理时间下，0.2%葡萄糖酸氯己定组的死亡率为66.7±26.2%。所有HOCl或2.0%葡萄糖酸氯己定组对[具体细菌名称未给出]的抗菌效果均>99.9%，而0.2%葡萄糖酸氯己定组在0.5分钟和1.0分钟处理时间下的细菌减少率分别为87.5%和97.1%。
除0.2%葡萄糖酸氯己定外，所有HOCl样本和2.0%葡萄糖酸氯己定对[具体细菌名称未给出]均具有相似的抗菌性能（>99.9%）。含0.0125%和0.0250% HOCl的EO水具有>99.9%的抗菌效果且体内毒性较小，表明其有可能作为口腔护理漱口水的替代品。
