Rashid Zubia, Mirani Zulfiqar Ali, Zehra Sitwat, Gilani Syed Muddassar Hussain, Ashraf Asma, Azhar Abid, Al-Ghanim K A, Al-Misned F, Al-Mulahim N, Mahboob Shahid, Galani Saddia
Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Pakistan.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2020 Oct;27(10):2747-2755. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.06.027. Epub 2020 Jun 24.
This study explored the effects of natural growth promoters (phytogenic feed additives and organic acids) on animal performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, gut microflora composition, and microbe-host interactions in broiler chickens over a 42-day feeding period. Two-hundred-fifty-day-old chicks were randomly assigned to one of five treatments: (i) control diets (CON); (ii) control diets + 40 g/tons antibiotic growth promoter (AB); (iii) control diets + 3 kg/tons organic acids (ORG); (iv) control diets + 3 kg/tons phytogenic feed additives (PHY); (v) control diets + 3 kg/tons organic acids + phytogenic feed additive combination (COM). A non-significant differences ( > ) were observed in broiler performance among treatments at 21 days of age; however, a gradually increasing body weight gain and reduced feed conversion ratio were observed at 42 days in treatments versus control group. Biochemical indices were non-significant ( > ) except for decreased cholesterol ( < ) and increased A/G ratio ( < ) recorded in the treatment groups. The addition of PHY and ORG improved total counts of spp. and spp. ( < ) as well as reduced caecal and ileal spp. and ( < ). Correlation analysis elucidated beneficial bacteria ( spp. and spp.) were positively and pathogenic bacteria ( spp. and ) were negatively correlated ( < ) with host weight gain. The findings indicated that dietary supplementation of PHY and ORG sustained balanced gut microflora, which in turn improved body weight. This study broadens the significance of using PHY and ORG as safe alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters for achieving healthier and economical broiler production.
本研究探讨了天然生长促进剂（植物源饲料添加剂和有机酸）在42天的饲养期内对肉鸡生产性能、胴体特性、血液参数、肠道微生物群落组成以及微生物与宿主相互作用的影响。将250只1日龄雏鸡随机分为五个处理组之一：（i）对照日粮（CON）；（ii）对照日粮 + 40克/吨抗生素生长促进剂（AB）；（iii）对照日粮 + 3千克/吨有机酸（ORG）；（iv）对照日粮 + 3千克/吨植物源饲料添加剂（PHY）；（v）对照日粮 + 3千克/吨有机酸 + 植物源饲料添加剂组合（COM）。在21日龄时，各处理组之间的肉鸡生产性能无显著差异（P > 0.05）；然而，在42日龄时，与对照组相比，各处理组的体重逐渐增加，饲料转化率降低。除各处理组胆固醇降低（P < 0.05）和A/G比值升高（P < 0.05）外，生化指标无显著差异（P > 0.05）。添加PHY和ORG提高了双歧杆菌属和乳酸杆菌属的总数（P < 0.05），同时降低了盲肠和回肠中的大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量（P < 0.05）。相关性分析表明，有益菌（双歧杆菌属和乳酸杆菌属）与宿主体重增加呈正相关（P < 0.05），而病原菌（大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌）与宿主体重增加呈负相关（P < 0.05）。研究结果表明，日粮中添加PHY和ORG可维持肠道微生物群落的平衡，进而提高体重。本研究拓宽了使用PHY和ORG作为抗生素生长促进剂的安全替代品以实现更健康、经济的肉鸡生产的意义。
