BIOMIN America Inc. , San Antonio, TX , USA.
BIOMIN Holding GmbH , Getzersdorf , Austria.
Front Vet Sci. 2015 Aug 3;2:21. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2015.00021. eCollection 2015.
The recent trend toward reduction of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in North American poultry diets has put tremendous pressure on the industry to look for viable alternatives. In this context, phytogenic feed additives (PFA) are researched to improve gut health and thereby performance. An experiment was conducted with the objective to evaluate the effects of PFA as an alternative to AGP on small intestinal histomorphology, cecal microbiota composition, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance in broiler chickens. A total of 432-day-old Vencobb 400 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to one of three dietary groups, each consisting of 12 replicate pens (n = 12 chicks/pen). The chicks were fed a corn-soybean meal-based control (CON), CON + 500 mg/kg of AGP (bacitracin methylene disalicylate containing 450 mg active BMD/g), or CON + 150 mg/kg of proprietary blend of PFA (Digestarom(®) Poultry) until 39 days of age when samples were collected. Birds fed either AGP or PFA had increased villus height in all three segments of the small intestine in comparison to the birds fed CON (P ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, the PFA-fed birds had significantly increased villus height and lower crypt depth compared to AGP fed birds (P ≤ 0.05). Birds fed either additive also had increased total tract digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and ether extract (P ≤ 0.05). The strong effect of the PFA on villus height in the jejunum may suggest augmented nutrient absorption in PFA-fed birds. Although both additives reduced total cecal counts of anaerobic bacteria and Clostridium spp., PFA alone reduced the total coliform count while increasing the Lactobacillus spp. count (P ≤ 0.05). These results suggest the establishment of beneficial microbial colonies in PFA-fed birds. Overall, both PFA and AGP increased body weight gain while lowering the feed conversion ratio (P ≤ 0.05). Hence data from this experiment demonstrate the efficacy of PFA as a substitute to AGP in poultry diets.
近年来，北美家禽饲料中抗生素生长促进剂（AGP）的使用量不断减少，这给行业带来了巨大的压力，迫使他们寻找可行的替代品。在此背景下，植物源饲料添加剂（PFA）被研究用于改善肠道健康，从而提高生产性能。本试验旨在评估 PFA 替代 AGP 对肉鸡小肠组织形态学、盲肠微生物组成、养分消化率和生长性能的影响。选用 432 日龄的科宝 400 肉鸡，随机分为 3 个处理组，每个处理组 12 个重复，每个重复 12 只鸡。试验鸡分别饲喂基础玉米-豆粕日粮（CON）、CON+500mg/kg AGP（含 450mg 活性杆菌肽甲基二水杨酸盐的杆菌肽锌）或 CON+150mg/kg 专利混合 PFA（Digestarom®Poultry），试验期至 39 日龄结束时采集样品。与 CON 组相比，饲粮添加 AGP 或 PFA 均显著提高了各肠段的绒毛高度（P≤0.05）。此外，与饲粮添加 AGP 相比，饲粮添加 PFA 还显著增加了绒毛高度，降低了隐窝深度（P≤0.05）。添加物组肉鸡的干物质、粗蛋白和乙醚提取物全肠道消化率也显著提高（P≤0.05）。PFA 对空肠绒毛高度的显著影响可能表明 PFA 组肉鸡的养分吸收能力增强。虽然两种添加剂均降低了盲肠中厌氧菌和梭菌属的总数，但 PFA 单独降低了总大肠菌群数，增加了乳酸菌数（P≤0.05）。这些结果表明，PFA 组肉鸡肠道内有益微生物菌群得到了建立。总之，PFA 和 AGP 均提高了肉鸡的体重增重，降低了料重比（P≤0.05）。因此，本试验结果表明 PFA 可作为 AGP 在肉鸡日粮中的替代品。
