Thorne Nat, Yip Andrew Kam-Tuck, Bouman Walter Pierre, Marshall Ellen, Arcelus Jon
Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Int J Transgend. 2019 Jul 18;20(2-3):138-154. doi: 10.1080/15532739.2019.1640654. eCollection 2019.
Recently, a multitude of terms have emerged, especially within North America and Western Europe, which describe identities that are not experienced within the culturally accepted binary structure of gender which prevails within those cultures. As yet, there is no clear single umbrella term to describe such identities and a mixture of words have been used in scholarly work to date. To explore the origins and track the emergence of newer terms and definitions for identities between, outside and beyond the gender binary, to outline current trends in descriptors within scholarly work and to suggest a term which is wide enough to encompass all identities. A comprehensive systematic review was made, following the PRISMA guidelines. Several relevant key terms were used to search Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and the . The descriptions each title gives for identities outside of the binary are extracted for analysis. Several terms have been used over the years to describe identities outside of the binary. "Non-binary" and "genderqueer" are currently mostly used as umbrella terms. However, "gender diverse" is emerging as a more suitable wide-ranging inclusive term for non-male and non-female identities. Identity outside of "male" and "female" is an emerging concept which currently has several identifiers and little academic agreement on which is the most pertinent. The two leading descriptors are "non-binary" and "genderqueer." Gender diverse is emerging as a new term which has the aim of including all other terms outside of male and female within it and this article suggests the increase in its use to describe gender identities outside of the binary.
最近，出现了大量术语，尤其是在北美和西欧，这些术语描述的身份并不存在于这些文化中普遍存在的、文化上认可的二元性别结构之内。到目前为止，还没有一个明确的单一统称来描述这类身份，在学术著作中使用过一系列不同的词汇。为了探究性别二元之外、之间及超越性别二元的身份认同的新术语和定义的起源并追踪其出现情况，概述学术著作中描述词的当前趋势，并提出一个足够宽泛以涵盖所有身份认同的术语。按照PRISMA指南进行了全面的系统综述。使用了几个相关的关键词在科学网、ScienceDirect、PubMed以及……进行搜索。提取每个标题对二元之外身份的描述进行分析。多年来使用了几个术语来描述二元之外的身份。“非二元”和“性别酷儿”目前大多用作统称。然而，“性别多样”正成为一个更合适的、涵盖范围更广的包容性术语，用于描述非男性和非女性身份。“男性”和“女性”之外的身份是一个新兴概念，目前有几个标识词，但对于哪个最贴切几乎没有学术共识。两个主要的描述词是“非二元”和“性别酷儿”。“性别多样”正作为一个新术语出现，其目的是将男性和女性之外的所有其他术语都包含在内，本文建议增加其使用以描述二元之外的性别身份。
