Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico.
Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico.
Nutrients. 2020 Sep 30;12(10):3007. doi: 10.3390/nu12103007.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease that can cause joint damage. Among the environmental risk factors, diet plays an important role because it can aggravate or attenuate inflammation. Selenium (Se) is considered an essential trace element since it is a structural component of antioxidant enzymes; however, its concentration can be affected by diet, drugs and genetic polymorphisms. Studies have reported that RA patients have a deficient diet in some food groups that is associated with parameters of disease activity. Furthermore, it has been shown that there is an alteration in serum Se levels in this population. Although some clinical trials have been conducted in the past to analyze the effect of Se supplementation in RA, no significant results were obtained. Contrastingly, experimental studies that have evaluated the effect of novel Se nanoparticles in RA-induced models have shown promising results on the restoration of antioxidant enzyme levels. In particular, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is an important selenoprotein that could have a modulating effect on inflammation in RA. Considering that RA patients present an inflammatory and oxidative state, the aim of this review is to give an overview of the current knowledge about the relevance of Se status in RA.
类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种自身免疫性和炎症性疾病，可导致关节损伤。在环境风险因素中，饮食起着重要作用，因为它可以加重或减轻炎症。硒（Se）被认为是一种必需的微量元素，因为它是抗氧化酶的结构组成部分；然而，其浓度会受到饮食、药物和遗传多态性的影响。研究表明，RA 患者在某些食物组中存在饮食不足的情况，这与疾病活动的参数有关。此外，已经表明该人群的血清 Se 水平发生了改变。尽管过去已经进行了一些临床试验来分析 Se 补充对 RA 的影响，但没有得到显著结果。相比之下，评估新型 Se 纳米粒子在 RA 诱导模型中的作用的实验研究表明，在恢复抗氧化酶水平方面具有有前景的结果。特别地，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）是一种重要的含硒蛋白，可能对 RA 中的炎症具有调节作用。考虑到 RA 患者表现出炎症和氧化状态，本综述的目的是概述目前关于 Se 状态在 RA 中的相关性的知识。
