Centre International of Recherche-Développement sur l'Élevage en Zone Subhumide, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies à Vecteurs et Biodiversité, 01 BP 454, Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso; Université Nazi Boni, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences et Techniques, 01 BP 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Unité de Recherche Clinique de Nanoro, 11 BP 218, Ouagadougou CMS 11, Burkina Faso.
Exp Parasitol. 2020 Dec;219:108014. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.108014. Epub 2020 Oct 2.
The objective set by WHO to reach elimination of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) as a public health problem by 2020 is being achieved. The next target is the interruption of gambiense-HAT transmission in humans by 2030. To monitor progress towards this target, in areas where specialized local HAT control capacities will disappear, is a major challenge. Test specimens should be easily collectable and safely transportable such as dried blood spots (DBS). Monitoring tests performed in regional reference centres should be reliable, cheap and allow analysis of large numbers of specimens in a high-throughput format. The aim of this study was to assess the analytical sensitivity of Loopamp, M18S quantitative real-time PCR (M18S qPCR) and TgsGP qPCR as molecular diagnostic tests for the presence of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense in DBS. The sensitivity of the Loopamp test, with a detection limit of 100 trypanosomes/mL, was in the range of parasitaemias commonly observed in HAT patients, while detection limits for M18S and TgsGP qPCR were respectively 1000 and 10,000 trypanosomes/mL. None of the tests was entirely suitable for high-throughput use and further development and implementation of sensitive high-throughput molecular tools for monitoring HAT elimination are needed.
世界卫生组织（WHO）设定的目标是到 2020 年消除人类非洲锥虫病（HAT）这一公共卫生问题，目前这一目标正在实现。下一目标是到 2030 年中断冈比亚锥虫病在人类中的传播。在专门的地方 HAT 控制能力将消失的地区，监测这一目标的进展是一项重大挑战。检测样本应该易于采集且能够安全运输，例如干血斑（DBS）。在区域参考中心进行的监测测试应该可靠、廉价，并允许以高通量格式分析大量样本。本研究旨在评估 Loopamp、M18S 定量实时 PCR（M18S qPCR）和 TgsGP qPCR 作为 DBS 中冈比亚锥虫存在的分子诊断测试的分析灵敏度。Loopamp 测试的检测限为 100 个寄生虫/毫升，其灵敏度处于 HAT 患者中常见的寄生虫血症范围内，而 M18S 和 TgsGP qPCR 的检测限分别为 1000 和 10,000 个寄生虫/毫升。这些测试都不完全适合高通量使用，因此需要进一步开发和实施敏感的高通量分子工具来监测 HAT 的消除。
