Hejmady Siddhanth, Pradhan Rajesh, Alexander Amit, Agrawal Mukta, Singhvi Gautam, Gorain Bapi, Tiwari Sanjay, Kesharwani Prashant, Dubey Sunil Kumar
Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India.
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-G), Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Government of India, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changari, Kamrup, 781101, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Drug Discov Today. 2020 Dec;25(12):2227-2244. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.09.031. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
A tumor serves as a major avenue in drug development owing to its complexity. Conventional therapies against tumors possess limitations such as suboptimal therapeutic efficacy and extreme side effects. These display poor pharmacokinetics and lack specific targeting, with non-specific distribution resulting in systemic toxicity. Therefore, nanocarriers targeted against cancers are increasingly being explored. Nanomedicine aids in maintaining a balance between efficacy and toxicity by specifically accumulating in tumors. Nanotherapeutics possess advantages such as increased solubility of chemotherapeutics, encapsulation of multiple drugs and improved biodistribution, and can ensure tumor-directed drug delivery and release via the approaches of passive targeting and active targeting. This review aims to offer a general overview of the current advances in tumor-targeting nanocarriers for clinical and diagnostic use.
由于肿瘤的复杂性，它成为药物研发的主要途径。传统的肿瘤治疗方法存在局限性，如治疗效果欠佳和副作用极大。这些方法显示出不良的药代动力学特性，缺乏特异性靶向性，非特异性分布会导致全身毒性。因此，针对癌症的纳米载体正越来越多地被探索。纳米医学通过在肿瘤中特异性积累，有助于在疗效和毒性之间保持平衡。纳米疗法具有多种优势，如提高化疗药物的溶解度、封装多种药物以及改善生物分布，并且可以通过被动靶向和主动靶向方法确保肿瘤导向的药物递送和释放。本综述旨在概述用于临床和诊断的肿瘤靶向纳米载体的当前进展。
