Ducournau Céline, Moiré Nathalie, Carpentier Rodolphe, Cantin Pauline, Herkt Clément, Lantier Isabelle, Betbeder Didier, Dimier-Poisson Isabelle
Team BioMAP, Université de Tours, INRAE, Tours, France.
INFINITE, Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, University of Lille, Inserm, Lille, France.
Front Immunol. 2020 Sep 9;11:2183. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02183. eCollection 2020.
is a parasitic protozoan of worldwide distribution, able to infect all warm-blooded animals, but particularly sheep. Primary infection in pregnant sheep leads to millions of abortions and significant economic losses for the livestock industry. Moreover, infected animals constitute the main parasitic reservoir for humans. Therefore, the development of a One-health vaccine seems the best prevention strategy. Following earlier work, a vaccine constituted of total extract of proteins (TE) associated with maltodextrin nanoparticles (DGNP) was developed in rodents. In this study we evaluated the ability of this vaccine candidate to protect against latent and congenital toxoplasmosis in sheep. After two immunizations by either intranasal or intradermal route, DGNP/TE vaccine generated specific Th1-cellular immune response, mediated by APC-secretion of IFN-γ and IL-12. Secretion of IL-10 appeared to regulate this Th1 response for intradermally vaccinated sheep but was absent in intranasally-vaccinated animals. Finally, protection against latent toxoplasmosis and transplacental transmission were explored. Intranasal vaccination led to a marked decrease of brain cysts compared with the non-vaccinated group. This DGNP/TE vaccine administered intranasally conferred a high level of protection against latent toxoplasmosis and its transplacental transmission in sheep, highlighting the potential for development of such a vaccine for studies in other species.
是一种分布于全球的寄生原生动物，能够感染所有温血动物，但尤以绵羊为甚。怀孕绵羊的初次感染会导致数百万次流产，给畜牧业造成重大经济损失。此外，受感染的动物是人类的主要寄生虫宿主。因此，开发一种“同一健康”疫苗似乎是最佳的预防策略。在早期工作的基础上，在啮齿动物中开发了一种由与麦芽糊精纳米颗粒（DGNP）相关的蛋白质总提取物（TE）组成的疫苗。在本研究中，我们评估了这种候选疫苗预防绵羊潜伏性和先天性弓形虫病的能力。通过鼻内或皮内途径进行两次免疫后，DGNP/TE疫苗产生了由APC分泌的IFN-γ和IL-12介导的特异性Th1细胞免疫反应。IL-10的分泌似乎调节了皮内接种绵羊的这种Th1反应，但在鼻内接种的动物中不存在。最后，探索了对潜伏性弓形虫病和经胎盘传播的保护作用。与未接种组相比，鼻内接种导致脑囊肿明显减少。这种经鼻给药的DGNP/TE疫苗对绵羊潜伏性弓形虫病及其经胎盘传播具有高度保护作用，突出了开发这种疫苗用于其他物种研究的潜力。
