Mebratu Lewam, Mengesha Selamawit, Tegene Yadessa, Alano Abraham, Toma Alemayehu
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Policy Study Institute, Hawassa, SNNPR, Ethiopia.
J Nutr Metab. 2020 Sep 16;2020:7962054. doi: 10.1155/2020/7962054. eCollection 2020.
Globally, over 90% of HIV infections among children are due to mother-to-child transmission and breastfeeding accounts for 5-20% of the burden. Avoidance of inappropriate feeding practices and practicing exclusive breastfeeding is recommended to reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission, but it is hardly practiced. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practice and associated factors among HIV-positive mothers attending governmental PMTCT clinics in Southern Ethiopia.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2019. The participants of the study were 209 HIV-positive mothers at the selected PMTCT sites. The study subjects were drawn from 10 health institutions located at 6 towns in Southern Ethiopia which constituted six hospitals and four health centers. Quantitative data were collected using the pretested structured questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between the predictors and outcome variable.
Among the 209 participants, 81.6% (95% CI: 75.8-86.5) practiced exclusive breastfeeding and 18.4% (95% CI: 13.5-23.7) practiced mixed feeding. Mothers who had attended the recommended four antenatal visits [AOR: 3.01, 95% CI (1.1-8.28)], who had disclosed their serostatus [AOR: 3.17, 95% CI (1.12-8.99)], who had sufficient knowledge about infant feeding practice [AOR: 3.32, 95% CI (1.15-9.55)], and favorable attitude towards infant feeding practice [AOR: 5.39, 95% CI (1.65-17.6)] were more likely to practice exclusive breastfeeding.
Exclusive breastfeeding was predominantly practiced. But mixed feeding was also being practice considerably. Improving maternal knowledge and attitude towards appropriate infant feeding practice through appropriate counseling on ANC visits could significantly improve EBF practice. It was also evident that promoting disclose of serostatus could empower the mothers to make an informed decision on how to appropriately feed their newborn.
在全球范围内，超过90%的儿童艾滋病毒感染是由母婴传播引起的，母乳喂养占这一负担的5%-20%。建议避免不适当的喂养方式并实行纯母乳喂养，以减少母婴艾滋病毒传播，但这种做法很少得到实施。本研究的目的是确定在埃塞俄比亚南部政府预防母婴传播诊所就诊的艾滋病毒阳性母亲中纯母乳喂养的流行率及相关因素。
2019年4月至5月进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。研究参与者为选定的预防母婴传播地点的209名艾滋病毒阳性母亲。研究对象来自埃塞俄比亚南部6个城镇的10个卫生机构，包括6家医院和4个卫生中心。使用经过预测试的结构化问卷收集定量数据。采用逻辑回归分析来确定预测因素与结果变量之间的关联。
在209名参与者中，81.6%（95%可信区间：75.8-86.5）实行纯母乳喂养，18.4%（95%可信区间：13.5-23.7）实行混合喂养。接受过推荐的四次产前检查的母亲[AOR：3.01，95%可信区间（1.1-8.28）]、已披露其血清学状态的母亲[AOR：3.17，95%可信区间（1.12-8.99）]、对婴儿喂养方式有足够了解的母亲[AOR：3.32，95%可信区间（1.15-9.55）]以及对婴儿喂养方式持积极态度的母亲[AOR：5.39，95%可信区间（1.65-17.6）]更有可能实行纯母乳喂养。
主要实行纯母乳喂养。但混合喂养也相当普遍。通过在产前检查时进行适当的咨询来提高母亲对适当婴儿喂养方式的知识和态度，可以显著改善纯母乳喂养的做法。同样明显的是，促进血清学状态披露可以使母亲有能力就如何适当喂养新生儿做出明智的决定。
