Nolan Mark, Roman Elena, Nasa Anurag, Levins Kirk J, O'Hanlon Erik, O'Keane Veronica, Willian Roddy Darren
Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Chronic Stress (Thousand Oaks). 2020 Sep 22;4:2470547020944553. doi: 10.1177/2470547020944553. eCollection 2020 Jan-Dec.
Medial temporal lobe structures have long been implicated in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder. Although findings of smaller hippocampal and amygdalar volumes are common, inconsistencies remain in the literature. In this targeted review, we examine recent and significant neuroimaging papers examining the volumes of these structures in major depressive disorder. A targeted PubMed/Google Scholar search was undertaken focusing on volumetric neuroimaging studies of the hippocampus and amygdala in major depressive disorder. Where possible, mean volumes and accompanying standard deviations were extracted allowing computation of Cohen's d effect sizes. Although not a meta-analysis, this allows a broad comparison of volume changes across studies. Thirty-nine studies in total were assessed. Hippocampal substructures and amygdale substructures were investigated in 11 and 2 studies, respectively. The hippocampus was more consistently smaller than the amygdala across studies, which is reflected in the larger cumulative difference in volume found with the Cohen's d calculations. The left and right hippocampi were, respectively, 92% and 91.3% of the volume found in controls, and the left and right amygdalae were, respectively, 94.8% and 92.6% of the volume of controls across all included studies. The role of stress in temporal lobe structure volume reduction in major depressive disorder is discussed.
内侧颞叶结构长期以来一直被认为与重度抑郁症的发病机制有关。尽管海马体和杏仁核体积较小的研究结果很常见，但文献中仍存在不一致之处。在这篇有针对性的综述中，我们研究了最近关于重度抑郁症中这些结构体积的重要神经影像学论文。我们在PubMed/谷歌学术上进行了有针对性的搜索，重点关注重度抑郁症中海马体和杏仁核的体积神经影像学研究。在可能的情况下，提取平均体积和伴随的标准差，以便计算科恩d效应量。虽然这不是一项荟萃分析，但它允许对不同研究中的体积变化进行广泛比较。总共评估了39项研究。分别有11项和2项研究对海马体亚结构和杏仁核亚结构进行了研究。在各项研究中，海马体比杏仁核更一致地更小，这在科恩d计算得出的更大的累积体积差异中得到了体现。在所有纳入研究中，左侧和右侧海马体的体积分别为对照组的92%和91.3%，左侧和右侧杏仁核的体积分别为对照组的94.8%和92.6%。本文还讨论了应激在重度抑郁症颞叶结构体积减少中的作用。
