Department of Nutrition and Health Care Management, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina, USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2021 Nov-Dec;40(8):708-712. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1815608. Epub 2020 Oct 8.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disease causing more than three million deaths annually around the world. Previous studies have shown an increased incidence of COPD among smokers. Studies also have shown antioxidant nutrients such as carotenoids, have been associated with lower rates of COPD.
To investigate if the consumption of carotenoids and carotenoid-rich foods is associated with higher pulmonary function.
Data were taken from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, which included approximately 15,000 individuals aged 45-64 years at baseline. Dietary intake of carotenoids and carotenoid-rich foods were assessed by food frequency questionnaire. Total carotenoid intake was calculated by summing five specific carotenoids: α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and lutein/zeaxanthin. Pulmonary function was evaluated as the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV] and forced vital capacity [FVC]. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between the intakes of carotenoids and carotenoid-rich foods and pulmonary function. Significance level was < 0.05.
A positive association between the total carotenoid intake with pulmonary function was only marginally significant; however, α-carotene, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin were each positively associated ( = 0.001, = 0.003, = 0.007, respectively) with FEV/FVC ratio in study participants. Food sources of these pro-vitamin A carotenes were also positively associated ( = 0.008) with FEV/FVC ratio.
This study suggests a possible role for the provitamin A carotenes, and their associated foods in improved pulmonary health.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种炎症性疾病，每年在全球导致超过 300 万人死亡。先前的研究表明，吸烟者患 COPD 的发病率增加。研究还表明，抗氧化营养素，如类胡萝卜素，与较低的 COPD 发生率有关。
研究类胡萝卜素和富含类胡萝卜素的食物的摄入量是否与较高的肺功能有关。
数据来自动脉粥样硬化风险社区（ARIC）研究，该研究包括约 15000 名年龄在 45-64 岁的基线参与者。通过食物频率问卷评估类胡萝卜素和富含类胡萝卜素的食物的饮食摄入量。通过将五种特定类胡萝卜素相加来计算总类胡萝卜素摄入量：α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质、番茄红素和叶黄素/玉米黄质。用力呼气量（FEV）与用力肺活量（FVC）的比值用于评估肺功能。线性回归分析用于评估类胡萝卜素和富含类胡萝卜素的食物摄入量与肺功能之间的关系。显著性水平为 < 0.05。
总类胡萝卜素摄入量与肺功能之间存在正相关关系，但仅具有边缘显著性；然而，α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素和β-隐黄质与研究参与者的 FEV/FVC 比值呈正相关（ = 0.001、 = 0.003、 = 0.007，分别）。这些维生素 A 前体类胡萝卜素的食物来源也与 FEV/FVC 比值呈正相关（ = 0.008）。
本研究表明，维生素 A 前体类胡萝卜素及其相关食物可能在改善肺部健康方面发挥作用。
