Departments of Anesthesiology and Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Humacyte Inc., Durham, NC 27713, USA.
Science. 2020 Oct 9;370(6513). doi: 10.1126/science.aaw8682.
Since the advent of the vascular anastomosis by Alexis Carrel in the early 20th century, the repair and replacement of blood vessels have been key to treating acute injuries, as well as chronic atherosclerotic disease. Arteries serve diverse mechanical and biological functions, such as conducting blood to tissues, interacting with the coagulation system, and modulating resistance to blood flow. Early approaches for arterial replacement used artificial materials, which were supplanted by polymer fabrics in recent decades. With recent advances in the engineering of connective tissues, including arteries, we are on the cusp of seeing engineered human arteries become mainstays of surgical therapy for vascular disease. Progress in our understanding of physiology, cell biology, and biomanufacturing over the past several decades has made these advances possible.
自 20 世纪初 Alexis Carrel 进行血管吻合术以来，血管的修复和替换一直是治疗急性损伤以及慢性动脉粥样硬化疾病的关键。动脉具有多种机械和生物学功能，如将血液输送到组织、与凝血系统相互作用以及调节血流阻力。早期的动脉替代方法使用了人造材料，近年来已被聚合物织物所取代。随着连接组织（包括动脉）工程学的最新进展，我们即将看到工程化的人类动脉成为血管疾病外科治疗的主流。过去几十年中，我们在生理学、细胞生物学和生物制造方面的理解取得了进展，使这些进展成为可能。
