Slovic Paul
Decision Research, 1201 Oak St., Suite 200, Eugene, OR, USA.
Risk Anal. 2020 Nov;40(S1):2231-2239. doi: 10.1111/risa.13606. Epub 2020 Oct 10.
I shall discuss, from a personal perspective, research on risk perception that has created an understanding of the dynamic interplay between an appreciation of risk that resides in us as a feeling and an appreciation of risk that results from analysis. In some circumstances, feelings reflect important social values that deserve to be considered along with traditional analyses of physical and economic risk. In other situations, both feelings and analyses may be shaped by powerful cognitive biases and deep social and partisan prejudices, causing nonrational judgments and decisions. This is of concern if risk analysis is to be applied, as it needs to be, in managing existential threats such as pandemic disease, climate change, or nuclear weapons amidst a divisive political climate.
我将从个人角度探讨风险认知研究,该研究使我们理解了作为一种感觉存在于我们自身的风险认知与基于分析得出的风险认知之间的动态相互作用。在某些情况下,感觉反映了重要的社会价值观,这些价值观应与对物理和经济风险的传统分析一并加以考虑。在其他情况下,感觉和分析都可能受到强大的认知偏差以及深刻的社会和党派偏见的影响,从而导致非理性的判断和决策。如果要在充满分歧的政治氛围中应用风险分析来应对诸如大流行病、气候变化或核武器等生存威胁,这就令人担忧了。