Barth Dominik A, Drula Rares, Ott Leonie, Fabris Linda, Slaby Ondrej, Calin George A, Pichler Martin
Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Sep 15;8:828. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00828. eCollection 2020.
Liquid biopsy-the determination of circulating cells, proteins, DNA or RNA from biofluids through a "less invasive" approach-has emerged as a novel approach in all cancer entities. Circulating non-(protein) coding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and YRNAs can be passively released by tissue or cell damage or actively secreted as cell-free circulating RNAs, bound to lipoproteins or carried by exosomes. In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a growing body of evidence suggests circulating non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and YRNAs as promising and easily accessible blood-based biomarkers for the early diagnosis of RCC as well as for the prediction of prognosis and treatment response. In addition, circulating ncRNAs could also play a role in RCC pathogenesis and progression. This review gives an overview over the current study landscape of circulating ncRNAs and their involvement in RCC pathogenesis as well as their potential utility as future biomarkers in RCC diagnosis and treatment.
液体活检——通过“侵入性较小”的方法从生物流体中测定循环细胞、蛋白质、DNA或RNA——已成为所有癌症实体中的一种新方法。包括微小RNA（miRNA）、长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）和YRNA在内的循环非（蛋白质）编码RNA可以通过组织或细胞损伤被动释放，或作为游离循环RNA主动分泌，与脂蛋白结合或由外泌体携带。在肾细胞癌（RCC）中，越来越多的证据表明，循环非编码RNA（ncRNA），如miRNA、lncRNA和YRNA，是有前景且易于获取的基于血液的生物标志物，可用于RCC的早期诊断以及预后和治疗反应的预测。此外，循环ncRNA也可能在RCC的发病机制和进展中发挥作用。本综述概述了循环ncRNA的当前研究情况、它们在RCC发病机制中的作用以及它们作为RCC诊断和治疗中未来生物标志物的潜在用途。
