Department of Neurology General University Hopsital "AHEPA", Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece.
Greek Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2020;78(2):801-817. doi: 10.3233/JAD-200405.
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) constitutes a natural compound with high protection over cognitive function.
To investigate for the first time the effect of Greek High Phenolic Early Harvest Extra Virgin Olive Oil (HP-EH-EVOO) versus Moderate Phenolic (MP-EVOO) and Mediterranean Diet (MeDi) in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
We conducted a randomized prospective study so as to examine the HP-EH-EVOO and MP-EVOO versus MeDi in MCI. Genetic predisposition (APOEɛ4) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) was tested and an extensive neuropsychological battery was administered at baseline and after 12 months. Each participant was randomized and assigned one of three groups: 1) Group 1 received the HP-EH-EVOO (50 mL/day); 2) Group 2 received the MP-EVOO (50 mL/day), and 3) Group 3 received only the MeDi instructions.
Better follow-up performance was found in Group 1 compared to Group 2 and Group 3 in the almost all cognitive domains. Moreover, Group 2 showed also significant improvement compared to Group 3 in ADAS-cog (p = 0.001) and MMSE (p = 0.05), whereas Group 3 exhibited worse or similar to baseline performance in almost all domains. In particular, Group 1 and Group 2 had better outcomes with regards to ADAS-cog (p = 0.003), Digit Span (p = 0.006), and Letter fluency (p = 0.003). Moreover, there was a significant difference (p = 0.001) in the presence of APOEɛ4 between the Groups 1 and 2 versus Group 3.
Long-term intervention with HP-EH-EVOO or MP-EVOO was associated with significant improvement in cognitive function compared to MeDi, independent of the presence of APOEɛ4.
特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO）是一种具有高度认知功能保护作用的天然化合物。
首次研究希腊高酚早收特级初榨橄榄油（HP-EH-EVOO）与中酚（MP-EVOO）和地中海饮食（MeDi）对轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者的影响。
我们进行了一项随机前瞻性研究，以检查 HP-EH-EVOO 和 MP-EVOO 与 MCI 中的 MeDi 的效果。测试了阿尔茨海默病（AD）的遗传易感性（APOEɛ4），并在基线和 12 个月后进行了广泛的神经心理学测试。每位参与者均随机分配到以下三组之一：1）组 1 接受 HP-EH-EVOO（50ml/天）；2）组 2 接受 MP-EVOO（50ml/天），3）组 3 仅接受 MeDi 指导。
与组 2 和组 3 相比，组 1 在几乎所有认知领域的随访表现更好。此外，组 2 在 ADAS-cog（p=0.001）和 MMSE（p=0.05）方面也显示出与组 3 相比的显著改善，而组 3 在几乎所有领域的表现均差于或与基线相似。特别是，组 1 和组 2 在 ADAS-cog（p=0.003）、数字跨度（p=0.006）和字母流畅性（p=0.003）方面的结果更好。此外，组 1 和组 2 与组 3 之间在 APOEɛ4 的存在方面存在显著差异（p=0.001）。
与 MeDi 相比，长期干预使用 HP-EH-EVOO 或 MP-EVOO 与认知功能的显著改善相关，而与 APOEɛ4 的存在无关。
