Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
Nutrients. 2024 Aug 10;16(16):2646. doi: 10.3390/nu16162646.
This narrative review synthesizes current evidence regarding anti-inflammatory dietary patterns and their potential benefits for individuals with mental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Chronic low-grade inflammation is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the etiology and progression of these conditions. The review examines the evidence for the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties of dietary components and food groups, focusing on whole foods rather than specific nutrients or supplements. Key dietary components showing potential benefits include fruits and vegetables (especially berries and leafy greens), whole grains, legumes, fatty fish rich in omega-3, nuts (particularly walnuts), olive oil, and fermented foods. These foods are generally rich in antioxidants, dietary fiber, and bioactive compounds that may help modulate inflammation, support gut health, and promote neuroprotection. Conversely, ultra-processed foods, red meat, and sugary beverages may be harmful. Based on this evidence, we designed the Brain Anti-Inflammatory Nutrition (BrAIN) diet. The mechanisms of this diet include the modulation of the gut microbiota and the gut-brain axis, the regulation of inflammatory pathways, a reduction in oxidative stress, and the promotion of neuroplasticity. The BrAIN diet shows promise as an aid to manage mental and neurodegenerative disorders.
这篇叙述性综述综合了目前关于抗炎饮食模式及其对精神障碍和神经退行性疾病患者潜在益处的证据。慢性低度炎症越来越被认为是这些疾病的病因和进展的关键因素。该综述探讨了饮食成分和食物组的抗炎和神经保护特性的证据，重点关注全食物而不是特定的营养素或补品。显示潜在益处的关键饮食成分包括水果和蔬菜（特别是浆果和绿叶蔬菜）、全谷物、豆类、富含 omega-3 的肥鱼、坚果（特别是核桃）、橄榄油和发酵食品。这些食物通常富含抗氧化剂、膳食纤维和生物活性化合物，可帮助调节炎症、支持肠道健康和促进神经保护。相反，超加工食品、红肉和含糖饮料可能有害。基于这些证据，我们设计了大脑抗炎营养（BrAIN）饮食。这种饮食的机制包括调节肠道微生物群和肠道-大脑轴、调节炎症途径、减少氧化应激和促进神经可塑性。BrAIN 饮食有望作为一种辅助手段来治疗精神和神经退行性疾病。
