Microboilte Research Development Private Limited, Manipal-Gok Bioincubator, MAHE Advanced Research Center, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
C-Six Lab, Kochin, Kerala, India.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2020 Nov;46(6):750-758. doi: 10.1080/1040841X.2020.1828816. Epub 2020 Oct 12.
The strains of actinobacteria are unique as they lie between true fungi and bacteria and several of them were reported as endophytic actinobacteria as they were isolated from the inner regions of various plant parts and will enhance uptake of nutrients and improve defense against pathogens. Literature and scientific communications reported the relationship between the endophytes and plants, most of them concluded the association as commensalism. Remarkably, bioactive compounds from endophytic sp. were confirmed with various applications. A retrospective consolidation on the endophytic sp. and their metabolite application in day to day life is presented here. It was deduced that this group of the organism are a source for a wide range of bioactive compounds including anticancer agents, immune suppressor, plant growth promoters, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-tumor agents, enzymes and antimicrobial substances. These antimicrobial metabolites show broad-spectrum activity and are effective against bacteria and fungi. The mechanism of action of secondary metabolites from endophytes and its positive influence on the host plants are noted as involvement in deterrence, antifeedant activity, toxicity against common pests, and as enhancers for physical mechanisms such as water uptake and sunlight absorption, thus supporting the growth of host plants.
放线菌菌株独特，它们位于真真菌和细菌之间，其中一些被报道为内生放线菌，因为它们是从各种植物部位的内部区域分离出来的，它们可以增强营养物质的吸收，并提高对病原体的防御能力。文献和科学交流报告了内生菌与植物之间的关系，其中大多数结论认为这种关系是共生关系。值得注意的是，内生种产生的生物活性化合物已被证实具有多种应用。本文回顾了内生种及其代谢产物在日常生活中的应用。推断出，这群生物是广泛的生物活性化合物的来源，包括抗癌剂、免疫抑制剂、植物生长促进剂、抗炎剂、抗肿瘤剂、酶和抗菌物质。这些抗菌代谢物具有广谱活性，对细菌和真菌都有效果。内生菌的次生代谢物的作用机制及其对宿主植物的积极影响被注意到，包括参与威慑、拒食活性、对常见害虫的毒性，以及作为增强吸水和阳光吸收等物理机制的增强剂，从而支持宿主植物的生长。
