ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau, 275103, India.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assam Down Town University, Guwahati, 781026, India.
Curr Microbiol. 2024 Oct 8;81(11):397. doi: 10.1007/s00284-024-03927-y.
Streptomyces is a diverse genus, well known for producing a wide array of metabolites that have significant industrial utilization. The present study investigates the genetic and functional diversity of Streptomyces spp. isolated from the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve (PBR), India, an unexplored site. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis revealed 96 isolates belonging to 40 different species indicating a substantial phylogenetic diversity. The strains were clustered into two groups: a major cluster with 94 strains and a small cluster with two strains. BOX- PCR analyses revealed an incredible genetic diversity existing among the strains of Streptomyces spp. in PBR. The analyses revealed the intra-species diversity and inter-species closeness within the genus Streptomyces in the study area. Qualitative screening for enzyme production has shown that 53, 42, 41, 11, and 54 strains tested positive for CMCase, xylanase, amylase, pectinase, and β-glucosidase, respectively. Additionally, 54 strains tested positive for PHB production. The strains were assayed quantitatively for the production of CMCase, xylanase, amylase, and pectinase. Streptomyces sp. MP9-2, Streptomyces sp. MP10-11, Streptomyces sp. MP10-18, and Streptomyces sp. MP10-6 recorded maximum CMCase (0.604 U/mL), xylanase (0.553 U/mL), amylase (1.714 U/mL), and pectinase (13.15 U/mL) activities, respectively. Furthermore, several strains demonstrated plant growth-promoting traits, viz. zinc and phosphate solubilization and production of ammonia, HCN (hydrogen cyanide), and IAA (Indole acetic acid), and nitrogen fixation. Fifty strains showed antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici with inhibitions ranging from 7.5 to 47.5%. Current findings underscore the ecological and biotechnological significance of Streptomyces spp. in the unexplored habitat of PBR.
链霉菌是一个多样化的属，以产生广泛的具有重要工业利用价值的代谢产物而闻名。本研究调查了从印度帕奇马哈里生物圈保护区（PBR）分离的链霉菌属的遗传和功能多样性，该保护区是一个未被探索的地点。16S rRNA 基因测序和分析显示，有 96 株分离株属于 40 个不同的种，表明具有相当大的系统发育多样性。这些菌株被分为两个群：一个主要群有 94 个菌株，一个小群有 2 个菌株。BOX-PCR 分析显示，PBR 中链霉菌属的菌株之间存在令人难以置信的遗传多样性。分析显示，在所研究区域内，链霉菌属内存在种内多样性和种间亲缘关系。酶产生的定性筛选表明，有 53、42、41、11 和 54 株分别对羧甲基纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、淀粉酶、果胶酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶呈阳性。此外，有 54 株对 PHB 生产呈阳性。对菌株进行了羧甲基纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、淀粉酶和果胶酶的定量生产测定。Streptomyces sp. MP9-2、Streptomyces sp. MP10-11、Streptomyces sp. MP10-18 和 Streptomyces sp. MP10-6 记录了最高的羧甲基纤维素酶（0.604 U/mL）、木聚糖酶（0.553 U/mL）、淀粉酶（1.714 U/mL）和果胶酶（13.15 U/mL）活性。此外，一些菌株表现出促进植物生长的特性，即锌和磷酸盐的溶解以及氨、HCN（氢氰酸）和 IAA（吲哚乙酸）的产生以及氮固定。50 株对番茄枯萎病菌表现出抗真菌活性，抑制率范围为 7.5%至 47.5%。目前的研究结果强调了链霉菌属在未被探索的 PBR 生境中的生态和生物技术意义。
