Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Microb Cell Fact. 2023 Jun 6;22(1):107. doi: 10.1186/s12934-023-02118-x.
Human life has been significantly impacted by the creation and spread of novel species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and virus strains that are difficult to manage. Scientists and researchers have recently been motivated to seek out alternatives and other sources of safe and ecologically friendly active chemicals that have a powerful and effective effect against a wide variety of pathogenic bacteria as a result of all these hazards and problems. In this review, endophytic fungi and their bioactive compounds and biomedical applications were discussed. Endophytes, a new category of microbial source that can produce a variety of biological components, have major values for study and broad prospects for development. Recently, endophytic fungi have received much attention as a source for new bioactive compounds. In addition, the variety of natural active compounds generated by endophytes is due to the close biological relationship between endophytes and their host plants. The bioactive compounds separated from endophytes are usually classified as steroids, xanthones, terpenoids, isocoumarins, phenols, tetralones, benzopyranones and enniatines. Moreover, this review discusses enhancement methods of secondary metabolites production by fungal endophytes which include optimization methods, co-culture method, chemical epigenetic modification and molecular-based approaches. Furthermore, this review deals with different medical applications of bioactive compounds such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant and anticancer activities in the last 3 years.
新型抗生素耐药细菌和病毒菌株的产生和传播给人类生活带来了重大影响，这些菌株难以管理。由于所有这些危害和问题，科学家和研究人员最近受到激励，寻找替代品和其他安全且对生态友好的活性化学物质来源，这些物质对各种致病细菌具有强大而有效的作用。在这篇综述中，讨论了内生真菌及其生物活性化合物和生物医学应用。内生真菌是一种新的微生物来源，可以产生多种生物成分，具有重要的研究价值和广阔的发展前景。最近，内生真菌作为新生物活性化合物的来源受到了广泛关注。此外，内生真菌产生的天然活性化合物的多样性归因于内生真菌与其宿主植物之间的密切生物关系。从内生真菌中分离出的生物活性化合物通常分为甾体、黄酮、萜类、异香豆素、酚类、四氢呋喃酮、苯并吡喃酮和烯二胺。此外，本综述讨论了真菌内生菌次生代谢产物产生的增强方法，包括优化方法、共培养方法、化学表观遗传修饰和基于分子的方法。此外，本综述还涉及生物活性化合物在过去 3 年中的不同医学应用，如抗菌、抗病毒、抗氧化和抗癌活性。
