The Biological Threats Identification and Countermeasure Center of the General Karol Kaczkowski Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Lubelska 4 St, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2021 Feb;152:106495. doi: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106495. Epub 2020 Oct 9.
Despite promising health effects of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) and bitter melon extract (BM) used for centuries as food and traditional medicine, neither mechanism of action nor safety has been fully recognized. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of diet supplementation with PSO and BM on fatty acid, conjugated fatty acid and cholesterol content in rat' livers, since liver is crucial for lipid metabolism. Oxidation indicators (malondialdehyde, oxysterols and tocopherols) were also determined. Lipid profiles did not reveal the presence of punicic acid, while other conjugated dienes and trienes, including rumenic acid, were determined. Both supplementation and exposition to carcinogen significantly increased cholesterol and reduced selected oxysterols levels, simultaneously increasing malondialdehyde content in animals suffering from cancer. Impact of PSO and BM on oxidative status varied depending on carcinogen exposure and coexisting neoplastic process, which is important, due to the growing interest in their use in prevention and therapy of various diseases, including cancer.
尽管石榴籽油 (PSO) 和苦瓜提取物 (BM) 作为食品和传统药物使用已有数百年历史，具有良好的健康效果，但它们的作用机制和安全性尚未得到充分认可。本研究旨在评估饮食补充 PSO 和 BM 对大鼠肝脏中脂肪酸、共轭脂肪酸和胆固醇含量的影响，因为肝脏对脂质代谢至关重要。还测定了氧化指标（丙二醛、氧化固醇和生育酚）。脂质谱未显示出存在 punlic 酸，而其他共轭二烯和三烯，包括 rumenic 酸，则被确定。补充剂和致癌物的暴露都会显著增加胆固醇并降低选定的氧化固醇水平，同时增加患癌症动物的丙二醛含量。PSO 和 BM 对氧化状态的影响取决于致癌物的暴露和共存的肿瘤过程，这很重要，因为人们对它们在预防和治疗各种疾病（包括癌症）中的应用越来越感兴趣。
