J Aging Phys Act. 2021 Apr 1;29(2):288-295. doi: 10.1123/japa.2019-0495. Epub 2020 Oct 13.
Three hundred and sixty-three older adults with multiple sclerosis completed a cross-sectional study examining hierarchical correlates of physical activity using a social cognitive theory perspective within a social ecological model (i.e., built environment, social environment, and individual social cognitive theory variables). Hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted, wherein significant associations were noted for built environment (i.e., land-use mix diversity and aesthetics) and physical activity in Step 1 (R2 = .09). Social and built environment were significant correlates in Step 2 (R2 = .15). Finally in Step 3, individual social cognitive theory variables (i.e., self-efficacy and outcome expectations) were the only significant correlates of total physical activity (R2 = .38). Results were comparable for health-promoting physical activity; however, self-efficacy was the only significant correlate in Step 3 (R2 = .36). This study provides guidance for researchers and practitioners on relevant targets for tailoring interventions for older adults with multiple sclerosis and supports an emphasis on self-efficacy as a primary predictor of health behavior change.
363 名多发性硬化症老年患者完成了一项横断面研究，该研究从社会生态学模型（即，建筑环境、社会环境和个体社会认知理论变量）的社会认知理论角度，检查了身体活动的分层相关性。进行了分层线性回归分析，在步骤 1 中注意到建筑环境（即，土地利用混合多样性和美学）与身体活动之间存在显著关联（R2=.09）。在步骤 2 中，社会和建筑环境是重要的相关因素（R2=.15）。最后，在步骤 3 中，个体社会认知理论变量（即，自我效能和结果预期）是总身体活动的唯一显著相关因素（R2=.38）。对于促进健康的身体活动，结果是可比的；然而，在步骤 3 中，自我效能是唯一显著的相关因素（R2=.36）。本研究为研究人员和从业者提供了针对多发性硬化症老年患者的干预措施的相关目标的指导，并支持将自我效能作为健康行为改变的主要预测因素。
