Environmental Archaeology & Materials Science, Conservation & Natural Sciences, National Museum of Denmark, København, Denmark.
The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
PLoS One. 2020 Oct 15;15(10):e0240512. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240512. eCollection 2020.
Bacteria play an important role in the degradation of bone material. However, much remains to be learnt about the structure of their communities in degrading bone, and how the depositional environment influences their diversity throughout the exposure period. We genetically profiled the bacterial community in an experimental series of pig bone fragments (femur and humeri) deposited at different well-defined environments in Denmark. The bacterial community in the bone fragments and surrounding depositional environment were studied over one year, and correlated with the bioerosion damage patterns observed microscopically in the bones. We observed that the bacterial communities within the bones were heavily influenced by the local microbial community, and that the general bone microbial diversity increases with time after exposure. We found the presence of several known collagenase producing bacterial groups, and also observed increases in the relative abundance of several of these in bones with tunneling. We anticipate that future analyses using shotgun metagenomics on this and similar datasets will be able to provide insights into mechanisms of microbiome driven bone degradation.
细菌在骨材料的降解中起着重要作用。然而，关于其在降解骨中的群落结构，以及沉积环境如何影响其在整个暴露期间的多样性，仍有许多需要了解。我们对在丹麦不同明确环境中沉积的猪骨碎片（股骨和肱骨）的细菌群落进行了基因分析。在一年的时间里，研究了骨碎片和周围沉积环境中的细菌群落，并与在骨中微观观察到的生物侵蚀损伤模式相关联。我们观察到，骨内的细菌群落受局部微生物群落的严重影响，并且一般来说，骨微生物多样性随着暴露后的时间而增加。我们发现了几种已知的胶原蛋白酶产生细菌群，并且还观察到在有隧道的骨中这些细菌的相对丰度增加。我们预计，未来使用鸟枪法宏基因组学对这些和类似数据集进行分析，将能够提供有关微生物组驱动骨降解机制的见解。
