Lv Dongqing, Chen Xi, Wang Xiaodan, Mao Linghong, Sun Jiao, Wu Guixian, Lin Zhi, Lin Ronghai, Yu Jiansong, Wu Xiaomai, Jiang Yongpo
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.
Ann Palliat Med. 2020 Sep;9(5):3447-3452. doi: 10.21037/apm-20-1688.
The aim of this study was to investigate the pulmonary function of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19)-induced pneumonia.
A retrospective analysis of 137 patients with COVID-19-induced pneumonia who were discharged from the Enze Hospital, Taizhou Enze Medical Center (Group) from January 31 2020 to March 11 2020 was conducted. Follow-up occurred 2 weeks after hospital discharge, during which patients underwent a pulmonary function test.
Of the 137 patients who underwent a pulmonary function test 2 weeks after discharge, 51.8% were male, and the mean age was 47 years. Only 19.7% of the patients were identified as having severe COVID-19-induced pneumonia. The pulmonary function tests showed that for a small number of patients the forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC)/% values were <70%, and the mean forced inspiratory volume (IVC) and FVC values were 2.4±0.7 and 3.2±0.8 L, respectively. In severe cases, 88.9% of patients had an IVC <80% of the predicted value, and 55.6% of patients had an FVC <80% of the predicted value. The proportion of patients with maximum expiratory flow rate at 25%, 50% and 75% of the vital capacity (MEF25, MEF50, and MEF75) values <70% were 55.6%, 40.7%, and 25.9%, respectively. In the non-severe group, 79.1% of patients had an IVC <80% of the predicted value, and 16.4% of patients had an FVC <80% of the predicted value. The mean MEF25, MEF50, and MEF75 <70% values were 57.3%, 30%, and 13.6%, respectively.
Our results demonstrated that the pulmonary function of patients with COVID-19-induced pneumonia predominantly manifested as restrictive ventilation disorder and small airway obstruction, which was increased in critically ill patients.
本研究旨在调查2019新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）感染所致肺炎患者的肺功能。
对2020年1月31日至2020年3月11日从台州恩泽医疗中心（集团）恩泽医院出院的137例COVID-19感染所致肺炎患者进行回顾性分析。出院2周后进行随访，在此期间患者接受肺功能测试。
在出院2周后接受肺功能测试的137例患者中，51.8%为男性，平均年龄为47岁。仅19.7%的患者被确定为患有重症COVID-19感染所致肺炎。肺功能测试显示，少数患者的一秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量比值（FEV1/FVC）/%值<70%，平均用力吸气容积（IVC）和FVC值分别为2.4±0.7和3.2±0.8L。在重症病例中，88.9%的患者IVC<预测值的80%，55.6%的患者FVC<预测值的80%。肺活量25%、50%和75%时最大呼气流量率（MEF25、MEF50和MEF75）值<70%的患者比例分别为55.6%、40.7%和25.9%。在非重症组中，79.1%的患者IVC<预测值的80%，16.4%的患者FVC<预测值的80%。平均MEF25、MEF50和MEF75<70%的值分别为57.3%、30%和13.6%。
我们的结果表明，COVID-19感染所致肺炎患者的肺功能主要表现为限制性通气障碍和小气道阻塞，在危重症患者中更为明显。
