Fritzen Douglas L, Giordano Luidgi, Rodrigues Lucas C V, Monteiro Jorge H S K
Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo-SP 05508-000, Brazil.
Department of Chemistry, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 95521, USA.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Oct 13;10(10):2015. doi: 10.3390/nano10102015.
The use of luminescence in biological systems allows us to diagnose diseases and understand cellular processes. Persistent luminescent materials have emerged as an attractive system for application in luminescence imaging of biological systems; the afterglow emission grants background-free luminescence imaging, there is no need for continuous excitation to avoid tissue and cell damage due to the continuous light exposure, and they also circumvent the depth penetration issue caused by excitation in the UV-Vis. This review aims to provide a background in luminescence imaging of biological systems, persistent luminescence, and synthetic methods for obtaining persistent luminescent materials, and discuss selected examples of recent literature on the applications of persistent luminescent materials in luminescence imaging of biological systems and photodynamic therapy. Finally, the challenges and future directions, pointing to the development of compounds capable of executing multiple functions and light in regions where tissues and cells have low absorption, will be discussed.
生物系统中发光的应用使我们能够诊断疾病并了解细胞过程。持久性发光材料已成为生物系统发光成像应用中一种有吸引力的体系；余辉发射可实现无背景发光成像，无需持续激发以避免因持续光照对组织和细胞造成损伤，并且它们还规避了紫外 - 可见激发所导致的深度穿透问题。本综述旨在提供生物系统发光成像、持久性发光以及获取持久性发光材料的合成方法的背景知识，并讨论近期文献中关于持久性发光材料在生物系统发光成像和光动力疗法应用的精选实例。最后，将讨论挑战和未来方向，即开发能够在组织和细胞吸收较低的区域执行多种功能并发光的化合物。
